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Related Concept Videos

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction01:11

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Introduction

2.1K
High-performance liquid chromatography(HPLC), formerly referred to as High-pressure liquid chromatography, is a powerful technique used to separate, identify, and quantify components in complex mixtures. The term "high pressure" refers to using high pressure to push the liquid mobile phase through the tightly packed columns.
In HPLC, two phases play a critical role in the separation process:
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Principles Of Column Chromatography01:13

Principles Of Column Chromatography

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The chromatography technique was first invented in 1901 by Michael S. Tswett, a Russian botanist, to separate plant pigments using organic solvents. Further, in 1941, Archer John Porter Martin and R. L. M. Synge modified the technique by packing silica gel into a column. A mixture of amino acids was then separated on the packed column using chloroform and water mixture as the mobile phase. This was the first report on column chromatography. At present, column chromatography is a widely used...
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High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation00:57

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Instrumentation

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High-performance liquid chromatography, or HPLC, is an analytical technique that separates liquid samples under high pressures. An HPLC instrument consists of glass bottles for storing solvents called mobile phase reservoirs. HPLC-grade solvents are used to maintain high purity, and the dissolved gases are removed using a degasser, such as a vacuum pumping system or sparging with helium. The solvents are then pumped into the analytical column using a screw-driven syringe or reciprocating pumps.
1.9K
High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process01:05

High-Performance Liquid Chromatography: Elution Process

536
In High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC), the elution process is critical to the separation of analytes and the quality of chromatographic results. Elution describes how compounds move through the column and separate based on their interactions with the mobile and stationary phases. This process determines the resolution, peak shape, and retention times in the chromatogram, which are essential for identifying and quantifying components in complex mixtures. Understanding the elution...
536
Types Of Column Chromatography01:29

Types Of Column Chromatography

11.3K
The stability and compatibility of column material with samples are crucial for efficient purification in chromatographic techniques. Various operating parameters such as pH, temperature, or solvent affect the packing of the column material, thereby determining the purification efficiency. The choice of column material also plays an essential role in deciding the operating parameters and can be modified based on the proteins that need to be purified.
Gel Filtration Chromatography
When the...
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Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases01:17

Gas Chromatography: Types of Columns and Stationary Phases

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Gas chromatography (GC) relies on stationary phases to separate and analyze components in a sample. There are two main types of stationary phases: liquid and solid. Liquid stationary phases are non-volatile, thermally stable, and chemically inert liquids coated onto the column. Solid stationary phases are particles of adsorbent material, such as silica gel or molecular sieves.
For an analyte to remain on the column for a sufficient amount of time, it must exhibit some level of compatibility (or...
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Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns
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Post Column Derivatization Using Reaction Flow High Performance Liquid Chromatography Columns

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Serially coupled column liquid chromatography: An alternative separation tool.

Xingcheng Gong1, Wei Chen1, Ke Zhang1

  • 1School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.

Journal of Chromatography. A
|August 12, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Serially coupled column LC (SCC-LC) offers precise and facile solutions for complex sample separations. This review summarizes SCC-LC instrumentation and applications, aiding scientists with challenging chromatographic tasks.

Keywords:
Mobile phase compatibilityMulti-column LCPolarity-extended separationSerial hyphenation

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Area of Science:

  • Analytical Chemistry
  • Chromatography

Background:

  • Single liquid chromatography (LC) columns struggle with complex matrices.
  • Multi-column LC, especially serially coupled column LC (SCC-LC), provides a viable solution.
  • Existing reviews often overlook SCC-LC despite its precision and instrumentation advantages.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive summary of SCC-LC instrumentation and applications.
  • To highlight advancements in column selection, connection devices, elution programs, and detectors for SCC-LC.
  • To review the utility of SCC-LC across various scientific fields.

Main Methods:

  • Review of instrumentation and applications of SCC-LC.
  • Emphasis on column selection strategies to enhance peak capacity and selectivity.
  • Exploration of different column combination types (e.g., RPLC-RPLC, RPLC-HILIC, achiral-chiral LC).
  • Discussion of connection devices, elution programs (isocratic/gradient), and detector choices (MS, UV, fluorescence).

Main Results:

  • SCC-LC enables improved separation of complex samples.
  • Optimization of column combinations and instrumentation enhances chromatographic performance.
  • SCC-LC demonstrates broad applicability in pharmaceutical, biological, environmental, and food analysis.

Conclusions:

  • SCC-LC is a powerful technique for tackling challenging chromatographic separations.
  • Further development in instrumentation and application strategies is expected.
  • This review offers valuable insights for analytical scientists dealing with complex matrices.