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Updated: Jul 19, 2025
09:02
Infection of Primary Nasal Epithelial Cells Grown at an Air-Liquid Interface to Characterize Human Coronavirus-Host Interactions
Published on: September 22, 2023
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Viral infections and chronic rhinosinusitis
Sophia Volpe1, Joseph Irish1, Sunny Palumbo1
1Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, University of Arizona, Tucson, Ariz.
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology
|August 13, 2023
Summary
Viral infections can trigger chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) by damaging the nasal lining and altering immune responses. Understanding these viral triggers is key to developing new treatments for CRS.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Virology
- Otolaryngology
Background:
- Viral infections are a common cause of upper respiratory infections, often self-limiting.
- However, some viral infections may initiate chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with prolonged and severe symptoms.
- Viruses infect sinonasal epithelia, triggering innate and potentially type 2 immune responses.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review common viruses implicated in CRS pathogenesis.
- To identify viral binding receptors on sinonasal epithelia.
- To elucidate pathophysiologic mechanisms linking viral infections to CRS.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of viral infections and CRS.
- Analysis of viral binding receptors and sinonasal epithelial interactions.
- Examination of immune responses, including cytokine production and barrier function alterations.
Main Results:
- Viruses utilize specific receptors to enter sinonasal epithelial cells.
- Viral infections can disrupt mucociliary clearance and epithelial barrier integrity.
- Aberrant immune responses, including type 2 inflammation, are implicated in CRS development.
Conclusions:
- Viral infections play a significant role in the pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis.
- Understanding viral mechanisms offers insights into CRS development and potential therapeutic targets.
- Further research into viral-epithelial interactions and immune dysregulation is warranted for CRS management.
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