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Examining the Relationship between Anti-Black Racism, Community and Police Violence, and COVID-19 Vaccination
Katherine G Quinn1, Bijou R Hunt2, Jacquelyn Jacobs3
1Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Center for AIDS Intervention Research (CAIR), Medical College of Wisconsin.
Behavioral Medicine (Washington, D.C.)
|August 14, 2023
Summary
Community and police violence, and anti-Black racism significantly impacted COVID-19 vaccination rates among Black Chicago residents. These social factors increased medical mistrust, reducing vaccine confidence and uptake.
Area of Science:
- Public Health
- Sociology
- Health Equity
Background:
- COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing racial inequities, leading to disparities in health outcomes and vaccination rates.
- The pandemic converged with social crises including anti-Black racism and community/police violence.
- Understanding the influence of these social determinants on vaccination is crucial for addressing health disparities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the associations between community violence, police violence, anti-Black racism, and COVID-19 vaccination.
- To investigate the mediating roles of medical mistrust and trust in COVID-related information.
Main Methods:
- Survey data collected from 538 Black residents in Chicago (September 2021–March 2022).
- Structural equation modeling used to analyze relationships between social factors, trust, and vaccination status.
Main Results:
- Neighborhood violence indirectly reduced vaccination rates by decreasing trust in COVID-related information from doctors.
- Racism indirectly reduced vaccination rates through increased medical mistrust and decreased trust in information from doctors.
- Findings underscore the impact of social and structural factors on medical mistrust and vaccination disparities.
Conclusions:
- Medical mistrust is a significant factor in COVID-19 vaccination disparities among Black populations.
- Addressing social and structural factors like violence and racism is essential for improving vaccine confidence and uptake.
- Public health strategies must consider the intersection of racism, violence, and healthcare access to achieve health equity.
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