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Related Experiment Video

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Testing the discrepancy between physical and virtual linear measurements.

Myrsini Voulgari1, Ioanna Anastopoulou1,2, Fotios A Karakostis3

  • 1Department of Forensic Medicine and Toxicology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 75 Mikras Asias Street, 11527 Athens, Greece.

Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Bericht Uber Die Biologisch-Anthropologische Literatur
|August 15, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Virtual measurements of bone morphology are comparable to traditional methods for forensic anthropology. While statistical differences exist, both approaches yield similar results for sex determination in thoracic vertebrae.

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Anthropology
  • Biological Anthropology
  • Osteology

Background:

  • Virtual methods are replacing physical measurements in anthropological sciences.
  • Discrepancies between virtual and direct bone morphology measurements are understudied.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare direct osteometric measurements with virtual measurements of the second thoracic vertebrae.
  • To assess if virtual measurements provide comparable results to traditional methods for sex determination.

Main Methods:

  • Measurements were taken on 24 individuals' second thoracic vertebrae using digital calipers and 3D models.
  • Statistical analyses included Bland-Altman plots, TEM, %TEM, and Wilcoxon tests.
  • Discriminant function equations were developed for sex determination using both measurement approaches.

Main Results:

  • Most statistical analyses revealed significant differences between virtual and direct measurement techniques.
  • Despite statistical differences, discriminant function equations for sex determination yielded identical results for both methods.
  • Intraobserver and interobserver reliability tests were conducted.

Conclusions:

  • Virtual linear measurements are supported for use in forensic anthropology.
  • Refining digital measurement protocols can enhance agreement with traditional osteometry.
  • Virtual methods offer a viable alternative to direct measurements in anthropological studies.