Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 19, 2025
08:36
Fragility Assessment of Bovine Cortical Bone Using Scratch Tests
Published on: November 30, 2017
9.5K
Microstructural fatigue fracture behavior of glycated cortical bone
Ebrahim Maghami1, Ahmad Najafi2
1Drexel University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Medical & Biological Engineering & Computing
|August 15, 2023
Summary
Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) in bone alter fatigue fracture by changing microstructural toughness. This study simulates how AGEs impact bone
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Mechanics of Materials
- Orthopedic Research
Background:
- Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) accumulate in bone with aging and diabetes.
- Glycation increases bone fragility and susceptibility to fracture.
- Understanding AGEs' impact on bone fatigue is crucial for preventing fractures.
Purpose of the Study:
- To simulate fatigue microdamage accumulation in glycated cortical bone using a phase field fatigue framework.
- To link material degradation in fracture toughness to high AGEs levels.
- To investigate the influence of microstructural heterogeneity on fatigue fracture in diabetic bone.
Main Methods:
- Developed a phase field fatigue framework to model crack initiation and propagation.
- Utilized 2D models of human tibial cortical bone microstructure.
- Simulated fatigue fracture under cyclic loading, varying microstructural feature mismatch.
Main Results:
- Mismatch in critical energy release rates between microstructural features alters crack patterns.
- High AGEs content modifies bone toughening mechanisms under cyclic loading.
- Bone lifetime depends on microstructural geometry and feature mismatch ratio.
Conclusions:
- Alterations in microstructural heterogeneity significantly affect fatigue fracture response, lifetime, and fragility.
- Trapped cracks in cement lines can inhibit further crack growth in diabetic bone.
- Glycation-induced changes in bone material properties influence crack trajectories and fatigue behavior.
Related Concept Videos
01:21Fatigue
206
Fatigue occurs when materials rupture under repeated or fluctuating loads, even at stress levels far below their static breaking strength. It typically results in brittle failure, even for ductile materials. It is a critical consideration in designing machines and structural components subjected to repetitive or varying loads. The nature of these loadings can range from fluctuating loads like unbalanced pump impellers causing vibrations to repeatedly bending a thin steel rod wire back and forth...
206
01:23Behavior of Concrete Under Compressive Load
211
Concrete exhibits specific behaviors under different compressive loads. Understanding this is crucial for understanding its structural integrity. When concrete undergoes uniaxial compression, it tends to develop cracks that run parallel to the direction of the force. These parallel cracks stem from localized tensile stresses that occur perpendicular to the compression direction. Additionally, angled cracks may appear due to the formation of shear planes.
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
As the concrete specimen fractures under...
211
01:22Fatigue Strength of Concrete
216
Fatigue, in the context of materials science and engineering, refers to the weakening or failure of a material caused by repeatedly applied loads, even if these loads are below the strength limit of the material. Fatigue strength in concrete is a critical property that influences its durability and longevity. Concrete can fail in two ways due to fatigue. Static fatigue or creep rupture occurs under a constant load or one that increases slowly. The other failure mode is due to cyclical or...
216
01:24Stress-Strain Diagram - Brittle Materials
2.5K
Brittle materials, including glass, cast iron, and stone, exhibit unique characteristics. They fracture without considerable change in their elongation rate, indicating that their breaking and ultimate strength are equivalent. Such materials also show lower strain levels at the point of rupture. The failure in brittle materials predominantly results from normal stresses, as evidenced by the rupture created along a surface perpendicular to the applied load. These materials do not display...
2.5K
01:27Fractures: Bone Repair
3.3K
Treatment for a fracture is based on the type of break, the bone affected, and the patient's age.
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
Minor fractures with no bone displacement are treated by immobilizing the fractured bone using a cast or splint. However, in the case of fractures with displaced bones, the broken bones are repositioned before immobilization to ensure successful healing without deformation and loss of function. The realignment of fractured bone ends is performed through a process called reduction. If the...
3.3K
01:27Compact Bone
11.8K
Most bones contain compact and spongy osseous tissue, but their distribution and concentration vary based on the bone's overall function.
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
Compact bone, also called cortical bone, is the denser, stronger of the two types of bone tissue. It is found under the periosteum and in the diaphyses of long bones, where it provides support and protection. The microscopic structural unit of compact bone is called an osteon, or haversian system. Each osteon is composed of concentric rings of calcified...
11.8K