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Related Concept Videos

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Ligand-gated ion channels are transmembrane proteins that play a vital role in intercellular communication and functions of the nervous system. They allow the influx of ions across the membrane once the neurotransmitter binds, allowing the subsequent transmission of electrical excitation across the neurons. Other ligand-gated ion channels, like the γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor, permit anions like chloride into the cells on the binding of the GABA molecule. Their entry into the cell...
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Postsynaptic potential (PSP) refers to a change in the electrical potential of a neuron when neurotransmitters released by presynaptic neurons bind to postsynaptic receptors. This potential can either be excitatory, leading to depolarization and ultimately action potential generation, or inhibitory, leading to hyperpolarization and suppression of the postsynaptic neuron.
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Calmodulin-dependent Signaling01:16

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Calmodulin (CaM) is a calcium-binding protein in eukaryotes that controls various calcium-regulated cellular processes. It has four calcium-binding sites that bind calcium to form the calcium-calmodulin ( Ca2+-CaM) complex. GPCR stimulation increases the calcium levels in the cells that bind to CaM and induces a conformational change.
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Transducer Mechanism: Enzyme-Linked Receptors01:27

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Antiepileptic drugs, such as levetiracetam (Keppra) and brivaracetam (Briviact), have emerged as crucial tools in managing epilepsy. These medications exert their therapeutic effects by targeting the synaptic vesicle protein SV2A, a transmembrane glycoprotein primarily found in the brain.
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Protein Kinases and Phosphatases02:54

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Proteins undergo chemical modifications that trigger changes in the charge, structure, and conformation of the proteins. Phosphorylation, acetylation, glycosylation, nitrosylation, ubiquitination, lipidation, methylation, and proteolysis are various protein modifications that regulate protein activity. Such modifications are usually enzyme-driven.
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

A High-Throughput Luciferase Assay to Evaluate Proteolysis of the Single-Turnover Protease PCSK9
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PCSK9 and the nervous system: a no-brainer?

Ali K Jaafar1, Romuald Techer1, Kévin Chemello1

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Journal of Lipid Research
|August 16, 2023
PubMed
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Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) impacts LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular health. This review explores PCSK9

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Alzheimer’s diseaseBrainLDL receptorNervous systemPCSK9Stroke

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cardiovascular Science
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) is crucial for LDL receptor degradation and cholesterol metabolism.
  • PCSK9 was initially identified in the brain, but its nervous system functions are not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To comprehensively review PCSK9's expression, lipid metabolism effects, and roles in the central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • To focus on PCSK9's involvement in cerebrovascular and neurodegenerative diseases.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review of studies published up to July 2023.
  • Analysis of research on PCSK9 expression patterns and functional roles.
  • Synthesis of findings related to neurological and cardiovascular implications.

Main Results:

  • PCSK9 influences LDL receptor levels and lipid profiles.
  • Evidence suggests PCSK9 has roles in both central and peripheral nervous systems.
  • Emerging data links PCSK9 to neurodegenerative and cerebrovascular conditions.

Conclusions:

  • PCSK9 is a significant factor in both lipid metabolism and neurological health.
  • Further research is warranted to fully elucidate PCSK9's functions in the nervous system and its therapeutic potential for related diseases.