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Development of Metarhizium anisopliae as a Mycoinsecticide: From Isolation to Field Performance

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Native Bacillus paralicheniformis isolate as a potential agent for phytopathogenic nematodes control.

Estefany Chavarria-Quicaño¹, Victor Contreras-Jácquez¹, Armando Carrillo-Fasio²

¹Laboratory of Industrial Biotechnology, Department of Food Science, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, Hermosillo, Mexico.

Frontiers in Microbiology

|August 17, 2023

Summary

Desert-isolated Bacillus paralicheniformis TB197 effectively controls plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs). This bacterium shows high nematicidal activity, offering a sustainable solution for crop protection against damaging soil-borne pests.

Keywords:

Bacillus bacterial screening biocontrol bionematicides nematicidal secretomes

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Area of Science:

Agricultural Science
Microbiology
Environmental Science

Background:

Plant-parasitic nematodes (PPNs) cause significant global crop losses.
Climate change exacerbates abiotic stresses, increasing crop susceptibility to PPNs.
Beneficial microorganisms offer eco-friendly PPN control but must tolerate harsh environments.

Purpose of the Study:

To isolate and characterize bacteria from the Northwestern Mexican Desert with potential for PPN control.
To evaluate the efficacy of isolated bacteria and their metabolites against PPNs under various conditions.

Main Methods:

Isolation of thermotolerant bacteria from desert rhizospheric soil.
Screening of bacterial secretomes for in vitro nematicidal activity (NA).
In vivo confirmation of NA using secretomes and endospores of selected isolates.
Field and greenhouse trials evaluating efficacy against Meloidogyne spp. and Radopholus similis.

Main Results:

Bacillus paralicheniformis TB197 exhibited the highest NA (>95%) against Meloidogyne incognita.
TB197 endospores significantly reduced M. enterolobii infection severity (81%) and galling index (84%) in tomatoes.
TB197 demonstrated an 81% reduction in root necrosis caused by Radopholus similis in bananas.

Conclusions:

Bacillus paralicheniformis TB197 is a promising candidate for PPN management.
Endospores and secondary metabolites of TB197 can be utilized in effective bionematicidal formulations.
This discovery supports sustainable agriculture by providing a microbial solution for nematode control in stressed environments.