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Related Concept Videos

Measurement of Fluid Pressure01:16

Measurement of Fluid Pressure

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Fluid pressure is commonly measured using devices called manometers, which rely on liquid columns to indicate pressure differences. The height of a liquid column in a manometer reflects the pressure exerted by the fluid, providing a simple yet effective means of measurement. Different types of manometers serve specific purposes based on their configurations and the type of fluids involved.
A basic form of manometer is the piezometer, a vertical tube open at the top and filled with the same...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Variable Width01:02

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When a flat plate is submerged in a fluid, the fluid exerts pressure on the plate. This pressure can lead to many different phenomena, including drag and buoyancy. To understand the behavior of the fluid over a flat plate of variable width, it is essential to analyze the distribution of the pressure exerted.
The pressure distribution on the plate can be calculated by determining the force that acts on a differential area strip of the plate. Thus, the magnitude of the force is equal to the...
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Fluid Pressure over Curved Plate of Constant Width01:12

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When a curved plate of constant width is submerged in a liquid, the pressure acting normal to the plate varies continuously both in magnitude and direction. Calculating the magnitude and location of the resultant force at a point is often challenging for such cases. One of the methods to determine the resultant force and its location involves separately calculating the horizontal and vertical components of the resultant force. This complex calculation can be simplified by representing the...
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Fluid Pressure over Flat Plate of Constant Width01:05

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When a body is submerged in water, it experiences fluid pressure acting normal on its surface and distributed over its area. For better design structures, it is crucial to determine the magnitude and location of the resultant force acting on the surface. In the case of a rectangular plate of constant width submerged in water, the pressure increases with depth, resulting in a linearly varying trapezoidal pressure distribution from the upper to the lower edge of the plate.
The resultant force...
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Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface01:04

Hydrostatic Pressure Force on a Plane Surface

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When a plane surface is submerged in a fluid, hydrostatic forces develop on the surface due to the fluid's pressure. For horizontal surfaces, the pressure exerted by the fluid is uniform because the depth remains constant. The resultant force is determined by the pressure at the given depth multiplied by the area of the surface, and it acts through the centroid of the surface. For vertical surfaces, the pressure varies with depth, increasing as the distance from the fluid's free surface...
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Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest01:11

Pressure Variation in a Fluid at Rest

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In a fluid at rest, the pressure at any point beneath the fluid surface depends solely on the depth, not on the container's shape or size. This principle, known as hydrostatic pressure, arises because, in stationary fluids, there is no acceleration, meaning the forces within the fluid balance out. Only vertical forces, caused by the weight of the fluid above, contribute to pressure changes with depth.
When measuring pressure at two different levels within the fluid, the difference in...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 19, 2025

Mechano-Node-Pore Sensing: A Rapid, Label-Free Platform for Multi-Parameter Single-Cell Viscoelastic Measurements
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Frictionless multiphasic interface for near-ideal aero-elastic pressure sensing.

Wen Cheng1,2,3, Xinyu Wang1,2,3, Ze Xiong2,3,4,5,6

  • 1Department of Materials Science and Engineering (MSE), National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

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Summary

This study introduces a novel pressure sensor inspired by lotus leaves. It uses liquid-gas interfaces for highly sensitive and precise pressure detection in complex environments.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Physics
  • Engineering

Background:

  • Conventional pressure sensors utilize solid sensing elements, limiting their performance in complex fluid environments.
  • The lotus leaf's air entrapment phenomenon inspires a new approach to pressure sensing.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and develop a novel pressure sensor leveraging multiphasic interfaces for enhanced performance.
  • To achieve ultrasensitive and ultraprecise pressure monitoring in challenging conditions.

Main Methods:

  • Designed a sensor utilizing solid-liquid-liquid-gas multiphasic interfaces and a trapped elastic air layer.
  • Engineered an ultraslippery interface with nanoscale and microscale electrode structuring for near-friction-free motion.
  • Employed a closed-cell pillar array structure in conjunction with the ultraslippery electrode surface.

Main Results:

  • Achieved outstanding sensor linearity (R² = 0.99944 ± 0.00015) with minimal nonlinearity (1.49 ± 0.17%).
  • Demonstrated ultralow hysteresis (1.34 ± 0.20%) and very high sensitivity (79.1 ± 4.3 pF kPa⁻¹).
  • Validated sensor operation in turbulent flow, in vivo biological environments, and during laparoscopic procedures.

Conclusions:

  • The developed sensor offers superior pressure-sensing performance compared to current state-of-the-art technologies.
  • This strategy enables ultrasensitive and ultraprecise pressure monitoring in complex fluid environments.
  • The design holds potential for advancements in various medical and industrial applications.