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Effects of Exercise on Structural and Functional Brain Patterns in Schizophrenia-Data From a Multicenter

Lukas Roell^1,2, Daniel Keeser^1,2,3, Boris Papazov³

¹Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.

Schizophrenia Bulletin

|August 19, 2023

Summary

Aerobic exercise improves brain structure and function in schizophrenia patients, particularly within key neural networks. These changes correlate with reduced disorder severity, offering new therapeutic insights.

Keywords:

brain structure exercise functional connectivity randomized-controlled trial schizophrenia

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Psychiatry
Exercise Science

Background:

Schizophrenia impacts clinical outcomes, with limited understanding of exercise's neural mechanisms.
Existing research primarily focuses on the hippocampus, neglecting broader brain adaptations.

Purpose of the Study:

To conduct a global exploratory analysis of structural and functional neural adaptations following aerobic exercise in schizophrenia patients.
To investigate the clinical implications of these exercise-induced neural changes.

Main Methods:

A randomized controlled trial involving 91 schizophrenia patients.
Structural and functional MRI data analyzed before and after a 6-month intervention (aerobic exercise vs. control).
Bayesian statistical models used to assess exercise effects on neural outcomes and clinical relevance.

Main Results:

Aerobic exercise induced structural and functional adaptations in the default-mode network, cortico-striato-pallido-thalamo-cortical loop, and cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway.
Increased volume in the right posterior cingulate gyrus (a default-mode network node) correlated with improved disorder severity.

Conclusions:

Aerobic exercise positively impacts three cerebral networks implicated in schizophrenia pathophysiology.
Findings suggest aerobic exercise as a potential intervention to modulate neural pathways and improve clinical outcomes in schizophrenia.