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Antibody response to COVID-19 vaccination in patients on chronic hemodialysis

Heejung Choi1, Sungdam Han2, Ji Su Kim3

  • 1Department of Nephrology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Clinical and Experimental Vaccine Research
|August 21, 2023
PubMed

Insights

COVID-19 vaccination in hemodialysis patients shows a significant antibody response lasting at least 6 months. This study assessed vaccine effectiveness in Asian hemodialysis patients, finding sustained antibody levels post-vaccination.

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Nephrology
  • Infectious Diseases

Background:

  • Patients undergoing hemodialysis (HD) are at increased risk for COVID-19.
  • Previous studies on COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in HD patients primarily focused on Western populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the antibody response and duration of COVID-19 vaccine effectiveness in Asian patients on hemodialysis.
  • To compare the antibody response between hemodialysis patients and healthy volunteers.

Main Methods:

  • Compared Immunoglobulin G (IgG) and neutralizing antibody levels in HD patients (n=39) and healthy controls (n=22).
  • Measured antibodies at various time points up to 6 months post-second dose of ChAdOx1 nCoV-19 or mRNA-1273 vaccines.
  • Analyzed the impact of a third vaccine dose and factors like age, sex, BMI, and immunosuppression on antibody response.

Main Results:

  • HD patients showed increased IgG and neutralizing antibodies after two vaccine doses, though weaker than controls.
  • Antibody levels remained stable up to 6 months post-vaccination, with no significant decrease over time.
  • Higher BMI correlated with better seroresponse, while immunosuppression was associated with poorer response in HD patients.

Conclusions:

  • Two doses of COVID-19 vaccine induce a significant and durable antibody response in hemodialysis patients.
  • The antibody response in HD patients was sustained for at least 6 months post-vaccination.
Abstract

Keywords:
Antibody formationCOVID-19COVID-19 vaccinesNeutralizing antibodiesRenal dialysis

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