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Tuberculosis Development in Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.
Haebeen Jeong1, Eunyoung Lee2, Ju Hyun Oh3
1Hallym University School of Medicine, Chuncheon, Korea.
Journal of Korean Medical Science
|July 1, 2026
Summary
Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) who have a history of tuberculosis or were hospitalized are at higher risk for developing pulmonary tuberculosis. Older age and male sex also increase this risk.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Epidemiology
Background:
- Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is a significant comorbidity in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
- Risk factors for TB development in COPD patients require further investigation.
- Understanding these risks is crucial for managing patients with both conditions.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the development of tuberculosis in COPD patients.
- To identify risk factors associated with comorbidities and inhaler prescriptions in COPD patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective cohort study using Korean Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service data (2015-2020).
- Included 139,589 COPD patients (age ≥ 40) with new inhaler prescriptions.
- Cox proportional hazards regression models identified significant risk factors.
Main Results:
- A history of tuberculosis significantly increased TB risk (HR, 18.14).
- Hospitalization during the study period was associated with increased TB risk (HR 1.30-1.54).
- Older age and male sex were also identified as independent risk factors.
Conclusions:
- History of tuberculosis and hospitalization are independent risk factors for pulmonary TB in COPD patients.
- Old age and male sex are also significant risk factors.
- These findings aid in identifying high-risk COPD patients for targeted TB prevention strategies.
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