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Synthesis and Characterization of a Titanium-Based Functionally Graded Material-Structured Biocomposite using Powder
Ehsan Ul Haq1, Furqan Ahmed1, Faseeh U Rehman1
1Department of Metallurgical and Materials Engineering (MME), Faculty of Chemical, Metallurgical and Polymer Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (UET), Lahore 54890, Pakistan.
ACS Omega
|August 21, 2023
Summary
This study developed a hydroxyapatite (HA) and titanium (Ti) composite using powder metallurgy. The optimized 10/90 HA/Ti functionally graded material (FGM) showed improved corrosion resistance and safe hardness for biomedical implants.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Materials Science
- Biomedical Engineering
Background:
- Titanium (Ti) and hydroxyapatite (HA) are crucial biomaterials for bone implants.
- Functionally graded materials (FGMs) offer tailored properties for improved implant integration.
- Developing cost-effective synthesis routes for HA/Ti FGMs is essential for clinical translation.
Purpose of the Study:
- To synthesize and characterize a hydroxyapatite/titanium (HA/Ti) composite as a functionally graded material (FGM).
- To evaluate the biocompatibility, structural integrity, and corrosion resistance of the developed HA/Ti FGM.
- To determine the optimal HA/Ti composition for enhanced implant performance.
Main Methods:
- Powder metallurgy was employed to fabricate HA/Ti FGMs with varying HA volume fractions.
- Ti foams were produced and infused with HA, followed by compaction and sintering.
- Characterization included density, microstructure, hardness, and potentiodynamic polarization in simulated body fluid (SBF).
Main Results:
- The 10/90 HA/Ti FGM exhibited a significant decrease in corrosion rate by approximately 40% compared to pure Ti foam.
- Hardness of the FGM composites was within safe limits, though lower than pure Ti.
- The FGM structure facilitated a gradual transition from load-bearing Ti to bioactive HA at the implant surface.
Conclusions:
- The 10/90 HA/Ti FGM composite demonstrates superior corrosion resistance compared to pure Ti.
- The developed HA/Ti FGM offers a promising solution for enhanced biocompatibility and implant longevity.
- Powder metallurgy provides an economical route for producing advanced HA/Ti FGMs for biomedical applications.
