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Updated: Jul 18, 2025
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Measuring Cell-Edge Protrusion Dynamics during Spreading using Live-Cell Microscopy
Published on: November 1, 2021
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Bidirectional multiciliated cell extrusion is controlled by Notch-driven basal extrusion and Piezo1-driven apical
Rosa Ventrella1,2, Sun K Kim1, Jennifer Sheridan1
1Northwestern University, Feinberg School of Medicine, Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
Development (Cambridge, England)
|August 21, 2023
Summary
Two distinct mechanisms, basal extrusion via Notch signaling and apical extrusion via Piezo1, drive multiciliated cell (MCC) loss during Xenopus embryonic development, with age-dependent regulation impacting epithelial remodeling.
Area of Science:
- Developmental Biology
- Cell Biology
- Epithelial Biology
Background:
- Xenopus embryos possess a complex epithelium with abundant multiciliated cells (MCCs).
- Epithelial remodeling during late-stage development involves the complete loss of MCCs.
- Cell extrusion is a key mechanism for cell removal that maintains epithelial integrity.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the distinct mechanisms underlying multiciliated cell (MCC) extrusion during Xenopus embryonic development.
- To elucidate the roles of Notch signaling and Piezo1 in regulating MCC loss.
- To understand the age-dependent regulation of cell extrusion processes.
Main Methods:
- Observation of Xenopus embryonic development.
- Analysis of cell extrusion dynamics.
- Investigation of signaling pathways (Notch) and mechanosensors (Piezo1).
- Assessment of gene expression related to MCC maintenance.
Main Results:
- Two distinct MCC extrusion mechanisms were identified: basal extrusion (Notch-dependent) and apical extrusion (Piezo1-dependent).
- A developmental shift from basal to apical extrusion was observed.
- Notch signaling response is age-dependent and linked to the MCC transcriptional program, offering protection against cell loss.
- Piezo1 regulates apical extrusion, with its activation or inhibition affecting MCC extrusion timing and maintenance.
Conclusions:
- The removal of MCCs during epithelial remodeling is achieved through distinct, regulated extrusion mechanisms.
- Age-dependent signaling pathways, including Notch and Piezo1, control MCC extrusion.
- Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for comprehending epithelial development and remodeling processes.
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