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Related Concept Videos

Homologous Recombination02:31

Homologous Recombination

The basic reaction of homologous recombination (HR) involves two chromatids that contain DNA sequences sharing a significant stretch of identity. One of these sequences uses a strand from another as a template to synthesize DNA in an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. The final product is a novel amalgamation of the two substrates. To ensure an accurate recombination of sequences, HR is restricted to the S and G2 phases of the cell cycle. At these stages, the DNA has been replicated already and the...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
Fixing Double-strand Breaks02:04

Fixing Double-strand Breaks

The double-stranded structure of DNA has two major advantages. First, it serves as a safe repository of genetic information where one strand serves as the back-up in case the other strand is damaged. Second, the double-helical structure can be wrapped around proteins called histones to form nucleosomes, which can then be tightly wound to form chromosomes. This way, DNA chains up to 2 inches long can be contained within microscopic structures in a cell. A double-stranded break not only damages...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
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Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

Published on: March 31, 2022

Crashing by design: Utilizing DNA damage for MCC differentiation.

Eve E Suva1, Brian J Mitchell1

  • 1Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA.

Trends in Cell Biology
|June 19, 2026
PubMed
Summary

Researchers discovered a new DNA damage response (DDR) crucial for multiciliated cell (MCC) formation. Inhibiting this DDR prevents MCC development, highlighting its essential role in cell differentiation.

Keywords:
DNA damagecell cycledifferentiationmulticiliated cells

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Last Updated: Jun 21, 2026

Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter
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Using Next Generation Sequencing to Identify Mutations Associated with Repair of a CAS9-induced Double Strand Break Near the CD4 Promoter

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Visualizing and Quantifying Endonuclease-Based Site-Specific DNA Damage
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Characterizing DNA Repair Processes at Transient and Long-lasting Double-strand DNA Breaks by Immunofluorescence Microscopy
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Published on: June 8, 2018

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Multiciliated cells (MCCs) are specialized cells with complex structures and functions.
  • Cell differentiation involves intricate regulatory processes.
  • The role of DNA damage response in cell differentiation is not fully understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify novel cellular mechanisms involved in multiciliated cell differentiation.
  • To investigate the potential role of DNA damage response (DDR) during MCC development.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized cell culture models to study MCC differentiation.
  • Employed molecular biology techniques to analyze DNA damage response pathways.
  • Investigated the effects of DDR inhibition on MCC formation.

Main Results:

  • Identified a previously unrecognized DNA damage response (DDR) occurring during MCC differentiation.
  • Demonstrated that inhibiting this specific DDR pathway significantly blocks the formation of functional MCCs.
  • The findings suggest that DNA damage and its repair are integral to the differentiation process.

Conclusions:

  • A novel DDR is essential for successful multiciliated cell differentiation.
  • Targeting this DDR pathway could offer new strategies for controlling MCC development.
  • This discovery advances our understanding of the complex interplay between DNA integrity and cell fate decisions.