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Related Concept Videos

Purposive Learning01:22

Purposive Learning

141
E. C. Tolman emphasized the purposiveness of behavior — the idea that much of our behavior is goal-directed. For instance, employees who aim for a promotion work diligently to meet their targets. Tolman argued that when classical conditioning and operant conditioning occur, the organism acquires certain expectations. In classical conditioning, a child might fear a dog because they expect it to bite. In operant conditioning, a person might consistently work overtime because they expect a...
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Language Development01:22

Language Development

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Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
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Introduction to Learning01:18

Introduction to Learning

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Learning is the process of acquiring knowledge or skills through practice or experience, leading to long-lasting behavioral changes. This acquisition occurs through interaction with the environment and requires practice or experience. For instance, mastering a skill such as surfing requires considerable practice and experience, highlighting the essential role of repeated interactions with the environment in learning.
In contrast to learned behaviors, unlearned behaviors such as crying, sexual...
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Observational Learning01:12

Observational Learning

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Albert Bandura's observational learning, also known as imitation or modeling, occurs when a person observes and imitates another's behavior. It is a quicker process than operant conditioning. A well-known example is the Bobo doll study, where children who saw an adult acting aggressively towards the doll were more likely to act aggressively when left alone, compared to those who observed a nonaggressive adult. Many psychologists view observational learning as a form of latent learning...
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Cognitive Learning01:21

Cognitive Learning

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Cognitive learning is based on purposive behavior, incidental learning, and insight learning.
E. C. Tolman's theory of purposive behavior emphasizes that much behavior is goal-directed. He argued that to understand behavior, we must look at the entire sequence of actions leading to a goal. For instance, high school students study hard, not just due to past reinforcement but also to achieve the goal of getting into a good college.
Tolman introduced the idea that behavior is influenced by...
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The Nativist Approach01:21

The Nativist Approach

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The nativist approach to infant cognitive development proposes that infants are born with inherent knowledge structures that allow them to interpret the world almost immediately. This perspective contrasts with earlier developmental theories, such as those proposed by Jean Piaget, which emphasized a more gradual acquisition of cognitive abilities through interaction with the environment. One key concept in this approach is object permanence — the understanding that objects continue to...
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Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Measuring Statistical Learning Across Modalities and Domains in School-Aged Children Via an Online Platform and Neuroimaging Techniques
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Learning Italian as a Second Language in a Sample of Ukrainian Children: A Game-Based Learning Approach.

Alessandro Frolli1, Francesco Cerciello1, Clara Esposito1

  • 1Disability Research, Centre of Rome University of International Studies, 00147 Rome, Italy.

Pediatric Reports
|August 22, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Game-based learning significantly improved Italian vocabulary in young Ukrainian children compared to traditional lessons. This educational approach shows promise for foreign language acquisition, though further research is needed.

Keywords:
digital game-based learninggame-based learninglanguage learninglearningvocabulary

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Area of Science:

  • * Second Language Acquisition
  • * Educational Psychology
  • * Game-Based Learning

Background:

  • * Play is a recognized educational tool, with digital platforms potentially enhancing its effectiveness.
  • * Existing research highlights the benefits of play in education, but specific applications in foreign language learning require further investigation.
  • * Game-based learning (GBL) is an emerging pedagogical strategy focused on knowledge acquisition through play.

Purpose of the Study:

  • * To evaluate the impact of game-based learning on Italian vocabulary acquisition in young Ukrainian learners.
  • * To compare the effectiveness of GBL against traditional teaching methods for foreign language learning.
  • * To explore the potential of GBL as a tool for enhancing vocabulary expansion in a foreign language context.

Main Methods:

  • * A study involving 48 Ukrainian children aged 6-7 years, divided into a control group (traditional Italian lessons) and an experimental group (game-based Italian lessons).
  • * Quantitative analysis of vocabulary gains between the two groups.
  • * Controlled experimental design to isolate the effect of the learning approach.

Main Results:

  • * The experimental group, utilizing game-based learning, demonstrated a greater increase in Italian vocabulary compared to the control group.
  • * Both groups showed some improvement in Italian vocabulary, indicating general learning occurred.
  • * Game-based learning proved to be an effective method for vocabulary expansion in this cohort.

Conclusions:

  • * Game-based learning is a promising and effective approach for foreign language vocabulary acquisition in young learners.
  • * While GBL shows significant benefits, other variables influencing language learning should be considered in future studies.
  • * Further research is essential due to the limited existing literature on game-based foreign language learning.