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Research progress in nucleus-targeted tumor therapy
Shaofeng Chen1, Rumeng Cao1, Ling Xiang1
1Chongqing Key Laboratory of Natural Product Synthesis and Drug Research, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chongqing University, Chongqing, 401331, P. R. China. zhangjm@cqu.edu.cn.
Abstract:
The nucleus is considered the most important organelle in the cell as it plays a central role in controlling cell reproduction, metabolism, and the cell cycle. The successful delivery of drugs into the nucleus can achieve excellent therapeutic effects, which reveals the potential of nucleus-targeted therapy in precision medicine. However, the transportation of therapeutics into the nucleus remains a significant challenge due to various biological barriers. Herein, we summarize the recent progress in the nucleus-targeted drug delivery system (NDDS). The structures of the nucleus and nuclear envelope are first described in order to understand the mechanisms by which drugs cross the nuclear envelope. Then, various drug delivery strategies based on the mechanisms and their applications are discussed. Finally, the challenges and solutions in the field of nucleus-targeted drug delivery are raised for developing a more efficient NDDS and promoting its clinical transformation.
Insights
Nucleus-targeted drug delivery systems (NDDS) show promise for precision medicine. Overcoming biological barriers to deliver therapeutics into the nucleus is key for effective nucleus-targeted therapy.
Area of Science:
- Cell Biology
- Pharmacology
- Biotechnology
Background:
- The nucleus is a critical organelle regulating cell functions like reproduction and metabolism.
- Targeting the nucleus for drug delivery offers significant therapeutic potential in precision medicine.
- Biological barriers impede the efficient transport of therapeutics into the nucleus.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review recent advancements in nucleus-targeted drug delivery systems (NDDS).
- To elucidate the mechanisms of drug transport across the nuclear envelope.
- To discuss current challenges and future solutions for efficient NDDS.
Main Methods:
- Description of nucleus and nuclear envelope structures.
- Analysis of drug delivery strategies targeting the nucleus.
- Review of recent literature on NDDS.
Main Results:
- Understanding nuclear structures aids in designing effective drug delivery mechanisms.
- Various strategies exist for crossing the nuclear envelope, with diverse applications.
- Significant challenges remain in achieving efficient nucleus targeting and clinical translation.
Conclusions:
- Nucleus-targeted drug delivery holds great promise for precision medicine.
- Overcoming biological barriers is crucial for developing effective NDDS.
- Further research is needed to enhance NDDS efficiency and facilitate clinical application.
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