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Assays for Detecting Henipavirus Antibodies
Lin-Fa Wang1, Shailendra Mani2,3, Chee Wah Tan2
1Programme in Emerging Infectious Diseases, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore, Singapore. Linfa.wang@duke-nus.edu.sg.
Methods in Molecular Biology (Clifton, N.J.)
|August 23, 2023
Summary
Antibody detection is crucial for henipavirus diagnosis and surveillance. New methods like LIPS, Luminex, and pseudovirus systems offer safer alternatives to live virus testing in standard labs.
Area of Science:
- Virology
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
Background:
- Antibody detection is vital for diagnosing and surveilling infectious diseases, complementing molecular methods.
- Established antibody detection techniques like ELISA and Western blot were instrumental in identifying bats as henipavirus reservoirs.
Purpose of the Study:
- To introduce and describe three novel antibody detection methods for henipaviruses: Luminex, Luminescent Immunoassay-based Detection of Protein-specific antibodies (LIPS), and pseudovirus systems.
- To highlight the utility of these methods in standard Biosafety Level 2 (BSL2) laboratories, eliminating the need for high-containment Biosafety Level 4 (BSL4) facilities and live viruses.
Main Methods:
- Description of Luminex assays for multiplex antibody detection.
- Explanation of LIPS assays for sensitive and specific antibody detection.
- Overview of pseudovirus neutralization assays for functional antibody assessment.
Main Results:
- These methods enable robust antibody detection against henipaviruses.
- The described techniques can be performed without requiring live virus manipulation.
- Implementation is feasible in standard BSL2 laboratory settings.
Conclusions:
- Luminex, LIPS, and pseudovirus systems represent valuable additions to the serological toolkit for henipavirus research.
- These methods enhance diagnostic and surveillance capabilities for henipaviruses, offering safer and more accessible options.
