Device Interventions for Heart Failure

Despite remarkable advances in drug therapy for heart failure (HF), the residual HF-related morbidity, mortality, and hospitalizations remain substantial across all HF phenotypes, and significant proportions of patients with HF remain symptomatic despite optimal drug therapy. Driven by these unmet clinical needs, the exponential growth of transcatheter interventions, and a recent shift in the regulatory landscape of device-based therapies, novel device-based interventions have emerged as a potential therapy for various phenotypes of HF. Device-based interventions can overcome some of the limitations of drug therapy (eg, intolerance, nonadherence, inconsistent delivery, and recurrent and long-term cost) and can target some HF-related pathophysiologic pathways more effectively than drug therapy. This paper reviews the current evolving landscape of device-based interventions in HF and highlights critical points related to implementation of these therapies in the current workflow of HF management.