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Related Concept Videos

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response01:29

Applications of GIS: Disaster Management and Emergency Response

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Geographic Information System (GIS) technology is essential for risk identification, action prioritization, and resource optimization in critical situations like flooding and earthquakes. By integrating spatial and demographic data, GIS provides a comprehensive framework for emergency response.GIS integrates data layers, like rainfall intensity, topography, elevation profiles, and river levels, to model high-risk flood zones. These layers assess areas susceptible to flooding based on their...
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Hazard Rate01:11

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The hazard rate, also known as the hazard function or failure rate, is a statistical measure used to describe the instantaneous rate at which an event occurs, given that the event has not yet happened. From a probabilistic perspective, it represents the likelihood that a subject will experience the event in a very small time interval, conditional on surviving up to the beginning of that interval. In terms of frequency, the hazard rate can be viewed as the ratio of the number of events to the...
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Hazard Ratio01:12

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The hazard ratio (HR) is a widely used measure in clinical trials to compare the risk of events, such as death or disease recurrence, between two groups over time. It reflects the ratio of hazard rates—the instantaneous risk of the event occurring—between a treatment group and a control group. This measure provides valuable insights into the relative effectiveness of a treatment by assessing how the risk of an event differs between the two groups.
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Design Example: Analyzing Capacity Contours for Flood Risk Assessment01:17

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Flood risk assessment involves careful planning and analysis to ensure the safety of communities near water retention structures. Capacity contours are a vital tool in this process, as they illustrate the potential spread of water at specific levels in a given area. In the context of building a bund across a small valley, these contours play a critical role in evaluating the safety of nearby residential areas.In this example, the bund is intended to store stormwater in the valley. The engineers...
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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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Selected Data About Geographic Locations01:25

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
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A new method to compile global multi-hazard event sets.

Judith N Claassen1, Philip J Ward2,3, James Daniell4,5

  • 1Institute for Environmental Studies, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.n.claassen@vu.nl.

Scientific Reports
|August 23, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new open-access method, MYRIAD-Hazard Event Sets Algorithm (MYRIAD-HESA), creates multi-hazard event sets. This algorithm analyzes hazard frequency and hotspots, incorporating time-lag for sequential events.

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Area of Science:

  • Disaster Risk Science
  • Geosciences
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Multi-hazard studies have been limited in scale and scope.
  • Previous research often focused on local scales or specific hazard pairs like drought and heatwaves.
  • A comprehensive approach to analyzing diverse, co-occurring hazards is needed.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Introduce the MYRIAD-Hazard Event Sets Algorithm (MYRIAD-HESA) for compiling historically-based multi-hazard event sets.
  • Develop a global database of multi-hazard events from 2004-2017, encompassing eleven diverse hazards.
  • Incorporate the temporal dimension (time-lag) to identify sequentially impactful hazard events.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the MYRIAD-Hazard Event Sets Algorithm (MYRIAD-HESA), an open-access method.
  • Compiled a global multi-hazard event set database including meteorological, geophysical, hydrological, and climatological hazards.
  • Integrated a time-lag analysis to assess the impact of hazards occurring in close succession, using North America as a case study.

Main Results:

  • Generated a global multi-hazard event set database (2004-2017) with eleven hazard types.
  • Provided new scientific insights into the frequency and spatial distribution (hotspots) of multi-hazard events.
  • Demonstrated the utility of time-lag analysis for identifying impactful sequential hazards.

Conclusions:

  • MYRIAD-HESA offers a flexible, open-access tool for multi-hazard and multi-risk assessments.
  • The developed global database and methodology enhance understanding of complex disaster scenarios.
  • The open-source nature facilitates integration with higher-resolution data for targeted risk analysis.