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[Fundamental and clinical studies on cefixime in pediatric field]
Insights
Cefixime (CFIX) demonstrated 100% therapeutic effectiveness in pediatric infections with no side effects. Bacteriological eradication was high, with only one instance of H. influenzae resistance observed.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric infectious diseases
- Pharmacology and pharmacokinetics
- Antimicrobial therapy
Context:
- Cefixime is a third-generation cephalosporin antibiotic.
- Pediatric infections require careful consideration of drug efficacy and safety.
- Understanding cefixime's pharmacokinetic profile in children is crucial for optimal dosing.
Purpose:
- To evaluate the pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effectiveness, safety, and bacteriological effectiveness of cefixime in pediatric patients.
- To determine optimal dosing strategies for cefixime in children.
- To assess the safety profile of cefixime in a pediatric population.
Summary:
- Pharmacokinetic studies in children showed dose-dependent serum concentrations and half-lives.
- Cefixime achieved a 100% therapeutic effectiveness rate in 19 pediatric patients with various infections.
- Bacteriological eradication was successful in most cases, with high efficacy against common pediatric pathogens like H. influenzae, H. parainfluenzae, and S. pyogenes.
Impact:
- Cefixime is a safe and effective antibiotic for treating pediatric infections.
- The study provides valuable data for clinicians prescribing cefixime to children.
- Further research could explore cefixime's efficacy in specific pediatric infectious disease contexts.
Abstract:
Cefixime (CFIX) was evaluated for pharmacokinetics, therapeutic effectiveness on infection, safety, and bacteriological effectiveness in pediatrics. The following is a summary of the results. Pharmacokinetics in 4 children, 2 each receiving a single dose of 1.5 mg or 6.0 mg per kg body weight, were examined. Peak serum CFIX concentrations after the dose of 1.5 mg/kg were 1.12 and 1.34 micrograms/ml, and the serum half-lives were 1.83 and 3.53 hours. For the children administered with 6.0 mg/kg of CFIX, the respective figures were 2.50 and 7.46 micrograms/ml, and 6.77 and 6.64 hours. The 12-hour urinary recoveries were 4.9 and 34.1% and 9.4 and 25.4% for the small and the large doses, respectively. Therapeutic effectiveness in 19 children with infections was "excellent" in 14 and "good" in 5, with an effectiveness rate of 100%. Bacteriological effectiveness was evaluated in 10 children. Classified by causative organisms, 5 cases had H. influenzae, 2 each H. parainfluenzae and S. pyogenes, and 1 mixed infection by H. influenzae and S. pneumoniae. Only the H. influenzae in the child with mixed infection resisted the therapy, and all the other pathogens were successfully eradicated. No side effects were recorded. The only abnormal laboratory test finding attributed to CFIX was eosinophilia in 2 children.