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Saliency-Enhanced Content-Based Image Retrieval for Diagnosis Support in Dermatology Consultation: Reader Study.

Mathias Gassner1,2, Javier Barranco Garcia3, Stephanie Tanadini-Lang3

  • 1Department of Radio Oncology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.

JMIR Dermatology
|August 24, 2023
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Summary

This study introduces saliency-enhanced content-based image retrieval (SE-CBIR) for dermatology, improving diagnostic accuracy and user confidence in skin lesion identification. SE-CBIR enhances image retrieval performance and interpretability, aiding clinical decision-making.

Keywords:
algorithmsconvolutional neural networkdeep learningdermatologydermoscopic imagesdermoscopydiagnosisimage retrievalmelanomasaliency mapsskin cancer

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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Medical Imaging
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • Medical content image retrieval aids dermatologists in skin lesion diagnosis.
  • Current methods lack interpretability, hindering clinical adoption.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Develop an interpretable image retrieval architecture for dermoscopic imaging using saliency maps.
  • Enhance feature extraction for improved retrieval performance and clinical trust.

Main Methods:

  • Implemented saliency-enhanced content-based image retrieval (SE-CBIR) using convolutional neural networks (CNNs) and saliency maps.
  • Conducted a reader study at University Hospital Zurich Dermatology Clinic to assess SE-CBIR's accuracy and impact on diagnostic confidence.

Main Results:

  • SE-CBIR improved retrieval accuracy by 7% (77% to 84%) compared to traditional CBIR.
  • Reader study showed a 22% increase in classification accuracy and a 24% rise in diagnostic confidence.
  • SE-CBIR usage reduced overdiagnosis of nonmelanoma lesions as melanoma by 53%.

Conclusions:

  • SE-CBIR offers superior retrieval accuracy and interpretability over traditional CNN-based CBIR.
  • This interpretable tool enhances dermatologists' diagnostic accuracy and confidence.
  • Expected to increase adoption of AI support tools in routine dermatological consultations.