Evaluation of Nanomagnesium Oxide in Combination with Garlic Extract as an Endodontic Irrigant: An In Vitro Study

The aim of this in vitro study was to evaluate the effectiveness of the combination of garlic extract in combination with magnesium oxide (MgO) for use as an endodontic irrigant at various contact times.

All 48 teeth were divided into 6 groups according to irrigation used after inoculation with Enterococcus faecalis and incubation. The control groups consisted of saline and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) used as irrigants and the test groups employed garlic extract combined with nano-magnesium oxide (nano-MgO) used as irrigant with two contact times, namely, 2 and 5 minutes, and garlic extract and nano-MgO used solely for 5 minutes each. Colony-forming units (CFUs) were counted after plating and incubation.

In NaOCl, and in both combination groups, there was a significant reduction in CFU counts. The saline group showed no decrease. Statistical analysis showed no difference in efficacy between NaOCl and the two combination groups. There was a statistical difference between the combination group and garlic/nano-MgO alone at both 2 and 5 minutes.

Under the conditions of this study, a novel irrigant, a combination of nanoparticles of MgO and garlic extract was as effective as NaOCl against E. faecalis in an in vitro model at two tested contact times.

Combination of MgO nanoparticles and garlic extract achieves disinfection comparable to gold standard NaOCl without harmful caustic effects of hypochlorite.