Ethical challenges as perceived by nurses in pediatric oncology units

Providing care to children with cancer is one of the most challenging areas of ethical care for nurses. Few studies have addressed nurses' perception of the barriers to giving ethical care in oncology departments. Thus, it is essential that the ethical challenges in caregiving as perceived by oncology nurses be investigated.

The present study was conducted to investigate the ethical challenges as perceived by nurses in pediatric oncology units in the south of Iran.

The present study is a qualitative work of research with a conventional content analysis design. Data were collected via individual semi-structured interviews. The collected data were analyzed using the qualitative content analysis method.

The participants were 21 nurses from pediatric oncology units in state hospitals who were selected by purposeful sampling. Sampling continued until the data were saturated. The study lasted from April to October 2022.

Three main themes, promoting psychological safety in the children, respect for the dignity of the children, and expansion of support for families, and nine subthemes were extracted from the data.

The study's protocol was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the University of Medical Sciences and ethical principles were followed throughout the study.

From the nurses' perspective, the major ethical challenges in providing ethical care in pediatric oncology units were reducing tension toward promoting the patients' psychological safety, showing respect for the identity and dignity of the children with cancer, and expanding support of the patients' families. By creating the right cultural and professional context and establishing proper protocols, healthcare policymakers and administrators can take effective steps toward eliminating the barriers to providing ethical care.