Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 18, 2025
12:55
Multimodal Protocol for Assessing Metacognition and Self-Regulation in Adults with Learning Difficulties
Published on: September 27, 2020
8.5K
Specific Learning Disorders (SLD) and Behavior Impairment: Comorbidity or Specific Profile?
Daniela Pia Rosaria Chieffo1,2, Valentina Arcangeli1, Federica Moriconi1
1Clinical Psychology Unit, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy.
Children (Basel, Switzerland)
|August 26, 2023
Summary
Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) impacts cognitive functions like working memory and writing, alongside emotional well-being. Early intervention with targeted strategies is crucial for academic and psychological support in affected children and adolescents.
Area of Science:
- Neurodevelopmental Disorders
- Cognitive Psychology
- Educational Psychology
Background:
- Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) is a neurodevelopmental condition affecting information processing.
- SLD is associated with academic difficulties, school dropout, and emotional distress.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess cognitive, academic, and emotional-behavioral changes in children and adolescents with SLD.
- To evaluate the impact of psychotherapy and speech therapy on individuals with SLD.
Main Methods:
- Longitudinal assessment (T0 and T1) of cognitive, academic, and emotional-behavioral functioning.
- Intervention included psychotherapy and speech therapy from T0 to T1.
Main Results:
- Working memory and writing skills were the most affected cognitive functions in SLD.
- Academic abilities were significantly impacted.
- Children and adolescents with SLD exhibited higher levels of anxiety and depression.
Conclusions:
- SLD can negatively affect psychological well-being.
- Targeted cognitive and academic skill interventions are recommended to mitigate adverse psychological effects.
Related Concept Videos
01:25Learning Disabilities
213
Learning disabilities are cognitive disorders caused by neurological impairments that affect cognitive functions like language and reading, without indicating overall intellectual or developmental challenges. These disabilities differ from global intellectual or developmental disabilities as they are limited to distinct cognitive functions. Common learning disabilities include dysgraphia, dyslexia, and dyscalculia, each of which impacts unique aspects of learning.
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
Dyslexia
Dyslexia is a...
213
01:19Autism Spectrum Disorder
160
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.
160
01:27Language and Cognition
374
Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
374
01:30Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
131
Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by persistent inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity. It affects approximately 5-8% of children globally, with around 60-70% of cases persisting into adulthood. ADHD has significant implications for educational attainment, social interactions, and occupational success.
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
Diagnostic Criteria and Symptoms
To diagnose ADHD, symptoms must manifest before age 12 and be evident across multiple settings....
131
01:28Conduct Disorder
91
Conduct disorder is a complex mental health diagnosis characterized by a repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior that violates societal norms, the rights of others, or age-appropriate rules. The diagnostic criteria for conduct disorder require the presence of at least three problematic behaviors within the past 12 months, with at least one occurring in the past six months. These behaviors are grouped into four categories: aggression toward people and animals; destruction of property;...
91
01:30Oppositional Defiant Disorder
83
A persistent pattern of angry or irritable mood, defiant behavior, or vindictiveness characterizes Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Symptoms must occur over at least six months, involve interactions with individuals beyond siblings, and meet specific diagnostic criteria to be clinically significant. The disorder affects emotional regulation, social interactions, and behavior, often manifesting early in life and influencing long-term development and functioning.
Diagnostic Criteria and...
Diagnostic Criteria and...
83