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Updated: Jul 18, 2025

Reaction Kinetics and Combustion Dynamics of I4O9 and Aluminum Mixtures

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Published on: November 7, 2016

Pyrotechnic Delay Compositions Based on BaO₂: Not as "Green" as Expected.

Kinga Lysien¹, Klaudia Szatan², Konrad Szydlo³

¹Department of Physical Chemistry and Technology of Polymers, Silesian University of Technology, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland.

Molecules (Basel, Switzerland)

|August 26, 2023

Summary

Barium peroxide shows promise as an eco-friendly oxidizer in pyrotechnic delay compositions (PDCs). Metallic fuel choice significantly impacts PDC properties and combustion behavior.

Keywords:

barium peroxide combustion product combustion velocity green pyrotechnics mechanism pyrotechnic delay composition

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Last Updated: Jul 18, 2025

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Area of Science:

Materials Science
Chemical Engineering
Combustion Science

Background:

Pyrotechnic delay compositions (PDCs) are crucial for controlled timing in various applications.
Developing environmentally friendly oxidizers is a key challenge in pyrotechnics.
Barium peroxide (BaO2) offers a potential alternative to traditional oxidizers.

Purpose of the Study:

To explore barium peroxide as an eco-friendly oxidizer for PDCs.
To analyze the combustion products of novel PDCs.
To understand how different metallic fuels (Mg, Al, Fe, Cu) influence PDC performance.

Main Methods:

Synthesis and characterization of PDCs incorporating barium peroxide.
Assessment of friction and impact sensitivity.
Measurement of linear combustion velocity as a function of oxygen balance (OB).
Analysis of combustion residues using Raman spectroscopy and Scanning Electron Microscopy with Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (SEM-EDS).

Main Results:

The developed PDCs demonstrated acceptable safety characteristics (friction and impact sensitivity).
Linear combustion velocity was successfully correlated with oxygen balance.
The composition of combustion products was determined, providing insights into the reaction pathways.
The influence of metallic fuel type on PDC properties was elucidated.

Conclusions:

Barium peroxide is a viable environmentally friendly oxidizer for PDCs.
The choice of metallic fuel significantly affects the combustion properties of PDCs.
A preliminary combustion mechanism for these PDCs was proposed based on experimental evidence.