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Mechanism of Regulation of Adipocyte Numbers in Adult Organisms Through Differentiation and Apoptosis Homeostasis

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Adipose Tissue Denervation Blunted the Decrease in Bone Formation Promoted by Obesity in Rats.

Milene Subtil Ormanji¹, Maria Victória Lazarini Melo¹, Renata Meca¹

¹Nephrology Division, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo 04023-062, Brazil.

|August 26, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Denerving white adipose tissue improved bone formation in obese rats. This suggests the adipose tissue-brain-bone axis, particularly neuropeptide Y, plays a key role in obesity-related bone metabolism changes.

Keywords:

bone histomorphometry bone–fat bone–nervous system interactions neuropeptide Y

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Area of Science:

Endocrinology
Bone Biology
Neuroscience

Background:

Obesity's impact on bone metabolism is debated, with conflicting reports on its effects.
The central nervous system influences bone remodeling via cytokines, hormones, and neuromodulators.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the effects of bilateral retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (rWAT) denervation (Dnx) on bone metabolism and remodeling in obese rats.
To elucidate the role of the adipose tissue-brain-bone axis in obesity-induced bone alterations.

Main Methods:

Male Wistar rats were fed a high-fat diet (HFD) or standard diet (SD) for 18 weeks.
rWAT denervation (Dnx) or sham surgery was performed at week 14.
Analysis included biochemical, hormonal, bone histomorphometry, and tissue gene/protein expression.

Main Results:

HFD-fed rats exhibited reduced bone formation, elevated serum/bone leptin and FGF23, increased neuropeptide Y (NPY) in serum and hypothalamus, and decreased vitamin D and PTH.
rWAT Dnx restored bone formation markers and histomorphometry in obese rats.
Serum and hypothalamic NPY levels decreased post-Dnx without affecting leptin.

Conclusions:

Denervation of rWAT enhances bone formation in obese rats.
This improvement is primarily mediated by reduced neurohormonal actions of NPY.
The study highlights the significance of the adipose tissue-brain-bone axis in regulating bone metabolism during obesity.