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Flexible Data Rate Allocation Using Non-Orthogonal Multiple Access (NOMA) in a Mode Division Multiplexing (MDM)

Yuan-Zeng Lin1,2, Chi-Wai Chow1,2, Tien-Wei Yu1,2

  • 1Department of Photonics & Graduate Institute of Electro-Optical Engineering, College of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30010, Taiwan.

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Summary

This study introduces a silicon photonics mode division multiplexed optical power splitter that supports multiple transverse-electric (TE) modes. It enables flexible data distribution and higher capacity for optical interconnects using non-orthogonal multiple access.

Keywords:
genetic algorithm (GA)mode division multiplexing (MDM)non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA)optical interconnectoptical power splitterorthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM)silicon photonics (SiPh)

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Area of Science:

  • Photonics and Optical Engineering
  • Integrated Optics
  • Optical Communications

Background:

  • Traditional optical power splitters distribute identical data across all output ports.
  • Limitations exist in optical interconnects regarding port count and data distribution flexibility.
  • Mode division multiplexing (MDM) offers increased capacity by utilizing different light modes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a silicon photonics (SiPh)-based optical power splitter supporting mode division multiplexing (MDM).
  • To enable flexible data distribution to different output ports using non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA).
  • To enhance optical interconnect capacity by supporting multi-mode operation (TE0, TE1, TE2).

Main Methods:

  • Design and fabrication of an integrated SiPh MDM optical power splitter using asymmetric directional couplers (ADCs) and a Y-branch structure.
  • Implementation of NOMA-OFDM for adjustable data rates at different output ports.
  • Optimization of splitter parameters using the Genetic Algorithm (GA).

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated a SiPh MDM power splitter supporting TE0, TE1, and TE2 modes.
  • Achieved flexible data rate allocation with user data rates exceeding 22 Gbit/s and 24 Gbit/s for different users and modes.
  • All channels met the hard-decision forward-error-correction (HD-FEC) threshold (BER = 3.8 × 10^-3).

Conclusions:

  • The proposed SiPh MDM optical power splitter offers flexible data rate allocation for multiple users in optical interconnects and system-on-chip networks.
  • The integration of MDM and NOMA significantly increases optical interconnect capacity beyond traditional methods.
  • This technology provides a pathway for more efficient and flexible optical signal distribution.