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Profiles and Predictors of Neurodevelopmental Functioning among Young Children Experiencing Family Homelessness
Janette E Herbers1, Carmela J DeCandia2, Katherine T Volk3
1Villanova University, Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Villanova, PA, USA.
Early Childhood Research Quarterly
|August 28, 2023
Summary
Half of homeless children show resilient neurodevelopmental functioning. Parental mental health and overreactive parenting predict poorer outcomes for at-risk children experiencing homelessness.
Area of Science:
- Child Development
- Developmental Psychology
- Pediatric Neurodevelopment
Background:
- Children experiencing family homelessness face housing instability and poverty-related stressors.
- Variability in children's experiences necessitates person-centered approaches to understand risk and resilience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify distinct profiles of neurodevelopmental functioning in young children experiencing homelessness.
- To examine demographic and ecological predictors of these neurodevelopmental profiles.
Main Methods:
- Latent profile analysis was used with a sample of 231 children (ages 3-5) in homeless shelters.
- Parent-reported data across ten neurodevelopmental domains informed the profiles.
- Predictors included child's age, ethnicity, adverse childhood experiences, parent mental health, and parenting style.
Main Results:
- Five distinct neurodevelopmental profiles were identified, with half the children showing resilience.
- Maladaptive profiles varied in specific strengths and challenges; a small group showed pervasive difficulties.
- Higher parental mental health issues and overreactive parenting predicted poorer neurodevelopmental profiles.
Conclusions:
- Person-centered approaches reveal diverse neurodevelopmental trajectories in children experiencing homelessness.
- Parental factors significantly influence children's neurodevelopmental outcomes in this vulnerable population.
- Findings support targeted interventions and policies to bolster resilience and mitigate risks for homeless children.
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