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Foreign Body Aspiration in Children and Emergency Rigid Bronchoscopy: A Retrospective Observational Study.

Debasish Ghosh1, Ritabrata Mitra2, Sripurna Mondal1

  • 1Institute of OtoRhinoLaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, IPGME and R, 244 A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata, 700020 West Bengal India.

Indian Journal of Otolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery : Official Publication of the Association of Otolaryngologists of India
|August 28, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Foreign body aspiration in children is dangerous, but rigid bronchoscopy can be life-saving. This study highlights challenges and successful outcomes in pediatric patients undergoing this emergency procedure.

Keywords:
Airway obstructionBronchscopyChoking

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Emergency Medicine
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • Foreign body aspiration poses a significant life-threatening risk in children.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are critical for positive outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To outline the challenges encountered during emergency pediatric rigid bronchoscopy.
  • To present the experience and outcomes of 138 pediatric patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 138 children under 12 years with suspected foreign body aspiration.
  • Data collection included patient demographics, symptoms, clinical signs, radiological findings, and procedural outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Organic foreign bodies, particularly peanuts, were most commonly aspirated.
  • Common symptoms included choking, cough, and sudden breathlessness; signs included tachypnea and asymmetric breath sounds.
  • Obstructive emphysema was the most frequent radiological finding. Most patients recovered within 72 hours, with a low mortality rate.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical history, physical examination, and imaging are highly suggestive of airway foreign bodies.
  • Despite inherent risks, rigid bronchoscopy, when performed by experienced teams with adequate support, effectively saves lives in pediatric tracheobronchial foreign body cases.