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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Psychology
  • Gender Studies
  • Psychiatry
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Mainstream developmental science often overlooks gender diverse children.
  • Research on gender diversity is frequently situated in psychiatry and clinical psychology.
  • A gap exists between studying gender-typical and gender diverse developmental trajectories.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To bridge the gap between "mainstream" gender development research and studies of gender diversity.
  • To review developmental trajectories of specific gender diverse subgroups.
  • To explore social, cognitive, and biological determinants of gender in diverse populations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of four subgroups of gender diverse children: those referred to medical clinics for gender identity/expression, transgender children, female children with congenital adrenal hyperplasia, and tomboys.
  • Analysis of how these subgroups' developmental trajectories align with modal developmental patterns.
  • Description of social, cognitive, and biological determinants of gender.

Main Results:

  • Identified commonalities and divergences between gender diverse and gender-typical developmental patterns.
  • Highlighted the role of social, cognitive, and biological factors in shaping diverse gender development.
  • Provided methodological suggestions for integrating gender diversity research into mainstream studies.

Conclusions:

  • Integrating research on gender diversity into mainstream gender development science is crucial.
  • Understanding diverse gender trajectories requires examining social, cognitive, and biological influences.
  • Future research should focus on methodological approaches that foster better integration.