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Diabetic Cardiomyopathy: 2023 Update by the International Multidisciplinary Board of Experts

Ashot Avagimyan1, Federica Fogacci2, Nana Pogosova3

  • 1Anatomical Pathology and Clinical Morphology Department, Yerevan State Medical University, Yerevan, Armenia.

Current Problems in Cardiology
|August 28, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Diabetes mellitus (DM) causes cardiovascular damage through metabolic disorders and inflammation, leading to diabetic cardiomyopathy. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for developing new treatments to combat this pandemic.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Endocrinology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a global pandemic linked to severe organ damage.
  • Cardiovascular complications in DM patients contribute significantly to mortality and morbidity.
  • Identifying pathological mechanisms is vital for therapeutic advancements.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and discuss the pathogenetic mechanisms of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • To elucidate how metabolic disorders in DM contribute to cardiovascular complications.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of pathogenetic mechanisms in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • Analysis of metabolic and cellular pathways involved in DM-induced cardiac damage.

Main Results:

  • Hyperglycemia, insulin resistance, and dyslipidemia drive atherosclerotic processes and myocardial remodeling.
  • Oxidative stress, calcium overload, mitochondrial dysfunction, PKC activation, lipomatosis, and inflammation are key pathways in diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  • These factors collectively lead to pathological changes in the myocardium.

Conclusions:

  • Diabetic cardiomyopathy arises from a complex interplay of metabolic, cellular, and inflammatory pathways.
  • Further research into these mechanisms can guide the development of targeted therapies for diabetic cardiovascular complications.

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