Antithrombotic Treatment in Coronary Artery Disease

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Pharmacology
• Vascular Medicine

Background:

• Coronary artery disease (CAD) presents a significant global health challenge with increasing mortality and morbidity.
• Despite advances in treatment, managing CAD remains complex due to the inherent risks of antithrombotic therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review current pharmacological strategies for antithrombotic treatment in coronary artery disease.
• To highlight the critical balance between reducing ischemic events and minimizing bleeding risk.

Main Methods:

• Review of recent European Society of Cardiology guidelines for CAD classification.
• Analysis of various antithrombotic treatment strategies, including dual antiplatelet therapy, de-escalation, and dual pathway inhibition.
• Examination of factors influencing the ischemic-bleeding risk balance.

Main Results:

• Antithrombotic therapy is central to managing CAD, particularly in acute coronary syndromes and post-percutaneous coronary intervention.
• Achieving the optimal balance between antithrombotic efficacy and bleeding risk is challenging.
• Several therapeutic approaches are under investigation to refine treatment protocols.

Conclusions:

• Further research is necessary to address knowledge gaps in antithrombotic therapy for coronary artery disease.
• Special populations require tailored investigation to optimize treatment outcomes.
• Personalized approaches considering patient and procedural factors are crucial for effective CAD management.