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Polytene chromosomes are giant interphase chromosomes with several DNA strands placed side by side. They were discovered in the year 1881 by Balbiani in salivary glands, intestine, muscles, malpighian tubules, and hypoderm of larvae Chironomus plumosus. Hence, these are also called "Salivary gland chromosomes." These are found in insects of the order Diptera and Collembola; in certain organs of mammals; and synergids, antipodes of flowering plants. Polytene chromosomes are also...
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The Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB).

Anna Rice1, Itay Mayrose2

  • 1School of Plant Sciences and Food Security, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

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|August 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB) centralizes plant chromosome number data, aiding phylogenetic and genomic studies. This unified resource facilitates research by compiling scattered information into a searchable format.

Keywords:
Chromosome countsChromosome numbersDatabaseDysploidyIntra-specific variationPolyploidy

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Area of Science:

  • Botany
  • Cytogenetics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Chromosome numbers are crucial cytological characters in plant biology, serving as phylogenetic markers and indicators of genomic events like polyploidy and dysploidy.
  • Extensive chromosome number data exists across the plant kingdom but is often fragmented across various resources, making comprehensive data retrieval challenging.
  • The Chromosome Counts Database (CCDB) was established in 2015 to address data accessibility issues.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To create a unified, online, community-driven resource for plant chromosome counts.
  • To consolidate scattered and previously digitized data into a searchable database.
  • To facilitate large-scale analyses of plant evolution and ploidy levels.

Main Methods:

  • Compilation of chromosome count data from dozens of diverse sources.
  • Digitization of previously unavailable or non-searchable data.
  • Development of an online, searchable platform (CCDB).

Main Results:

  • The CCDB successfully integrates a vast amount of chromosome count data from numerous sources.
  • A significant portion of the data within CCDB was previously unavailable in a digitized, searchable format.
  • The database has already supported numerous analyses, including plant evolution studies and ploidy-level inference (e.g., using chromEvol).

Conclusions:

  • The CCDB serves as a vital, centralized resource for plant chromosome number information.
  • The database promotes data sharing and is expected to grow with ongoing research.
  • CCDB significantly enhances the ability to study plant evolutionary history and genomic changes.