Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

16.8K
Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
16.8K
Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

6.2K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
6.2K
tRNA Activation02:26

tRNA Activation

19.3K
Aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases are present in both eukaryotes and bacteria. Though eukaryotes have 20 different aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases to couple to 20 amino acids, many bacteria do not have genes for all of these aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases. Despite this, they still use all 20 amino acids to synthesize their proteins. For instance, some bacteria do not have the gene encoding the enzyme that couples glutamine with its partner tRNA. In these organisms, one enzyme adds glutamic acid to all of the...
19.3K
RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

26.1K
RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
26.1K
Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

2.4K
Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
2.4K
lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

8.6K
In humans, more than 80% of the genome gets transcribed. However, only around 2% of the genome codes for proteins. The remaining part produces non-coding RNAs which includes ribosomal RNAs, transfer RNAs, telomerase RNAs, and regulatory RNAs, among other types. A large number of regulatory non-coding RNAs have been classified into two groups depending upon their length – small non-coding RNAs, such as microRNA, which are less than 200 nucleotides in length, and long non-coding RNA...
8.6K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Mavacamten shows broad benefit in human and mouse models of MYBPC3-related hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Nature cardiovascular research·2026
Same author

Integrative skin-blood transcriptomic analysis identifies circulating biomarkers reflecting disease activity in atopic dermatitis.

Frontiers in allergy·2026
Same author

Mitochondria directly interact with the nuclear pore complex.

Nature·2026
Same author

Kinetic Fingerprints as Mechanistic and Clinical Roadmaps Across KIT Activation States.

ChemMedChem·2026
Same author

A signal-responsive cooperative transcription factor network determines alveolar macrophage identity.

The Journal of experimental medicine·2026
Same author

IMPaCT-Data: A Federated Precision Medicine Infrastructure Associated with Science and Technology in Spain.

Studies in health technology and informatics·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
13:04

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

8.9K

ISG20L2: an RNA nuclease regulating T cell activation.

Ana Rodríguez-Galán1,2,3, Sara G Dosil1,2,3, Anna Hrčková4,5

  • 1Instituto Investigación Sanitaria Princesa (IIS-IP), Immunology Service, Hospital Universitario de la Princesa, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid (UAM), Madrid, Spain.

Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS
|August 30, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Interferon-stimulated gene 20-like 2 (ISG20L2) is a novel RNA-based regulator in T cells. It influences T cell activation, cytokine secretion, and the expression of key immunoregulatory molecules.

Keywords:
ExonucleaseISG20L2ImmunoregulatoryT cell

More Related Videos

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

9.2K
Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226
08:30

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

2.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR
13:04

Overexpressing Long Noncoding RNAs Using Gene-activating CRISPR

Published on: March 1, 2019

8.9K
Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity
09:21

Saccharomyces cerevisiae Metabolic Labeling with 4-thiouracil and the Quantification of Newly Synthesized mRNA As a Proxy for RNA Polymerase II Activity

Published on: October 22, 2018

9.2K
Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226
08:30

Isolation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells from Mouse Nasal Mucosa to Detect the Expression of CD226

Published on: May 10, 2022

2.0K

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • RNA Biology

Background:

  • ISG20L2 is a 3' to 5' exoribonuclease previously linked to ribosome biogenesis.
  • Its role in activated T cells and immune responses was previously unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of ISG20L2 in activated T cells.
  • To determine the impact of ISG20L2 on T cell activation and immune regulation.

Main Methods:

  • Studied ISG20L2 expression in T lymphocytes upon TCR and IFN type I stimulation.
  • Utilized ISG20L2 silencing and knockout models to assess functional consequences.
  • Analyzed the expression of T cell activation markers and immunoregulatory molecules.

Main Results:

  • ISG20L2 exhibits preferential affinity for uridylated miRNA substrates in T cells.
  • ISG20L2 is upregulated in T lymphocytes following TCR and IFN type I stimulation.
  • ISG20L2 silencing increased CD69 expression and IL2 secretion but impaired CD25 upregulation and immune synapse formation.
  • ISG20L2 absence led to dysregulated expression of key immunoregulatory molecules (AHR, NKG2D, CTLA-4, CD137, TIM-3, PD-L1, PD-1).

Conclusions:

  • ISG20L2 acts as a novel RNA-based regulator of T cell function.
  • ISG20L2 plays a critical role in modulating T cell activation, cytokine production, and immune synapse formation.
  • ISG20L2 influences the expression of crucial molecules governing T cell responses, highlighting its significance in immune regulation.