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Related Concept Videos

The Nucleolus02:55

The Nucleolus

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The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...
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Nucleosome Remodeling02:54

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Nucleosomes are the basic units of chromatin compaction. Each nucleosome consists of the DNA bound tightly around a histone core, which makes the DNA inaccessible to DNA binding proteins such as DNA polymerase and RNA polymerase. Hence, the fundamental problem is to ensure access to DNA when appropriate, despite the compact and protective chromatin structure.
Nucleosome remodeling complex
Eukaryotic cells have specialized enzymes called ATP-dependent nucleosome remodeling enzymes. These enzymes...
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Additional Subnuclear Structures02:10

Additional Subnuclear Structures

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The eukaryotic nucleus is a double membrane-bound organelle that contains nearly all of the cell’s genetic material in the form of chromosomes. It is rightly called the “brain” of the cell as it shoulders the responsibility of responding to various physiological processes, stress, altered metabolic conditions, and other cellular signals. 
The nucleus contains many membrane-less subnuclear organelles or nuclear bodies, such as nucleoli, Cajal bodies, speckles,...
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The Nucleosome01:19

The Nucleosome

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Human DNA is almost two meters long. However, it is compressed inside a tiny nucleus measuring only a few microns in diameter. To make this degree of compaction possible, DNA is organized into several sequential levels so that it can fit into such a tiny space. The most compact form of DNA is a chromosome that can be seen under a microscope in a dividing cell.
In a chromosome, DNA is wound twice around a protein complex called a histone octamer core, which consists of 8 histone proteins. This...
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Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting01:45

Regulation of Nuclear Protein Sorting

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Nuclear protein sorting regulates nucleus composition and gene expression, crucial for determining the fate of a eukaryotic cell. Hence, the entry and exit of molecules across the nuclear envelope is a tightly controlled process. Nuclear protein sorting can be inhibited by one of the following ways: 1) masking cargo signal sequences, 2) modifying the nuclear receptor's affinity for cargo, 3) controlling the nuclear pore size, 4) retaining the cargo during its transit to the cytosol or the...
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The Nucleosome Core Particle02:10

The Nucleosome Core Particle

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Nucleosomes are the DNA-histone complex, where the DNA strand is wound around the histone core. The histone core is an octamer containing two copies of H2A, H2B, H3, and H4 histone proteins.
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Nucleosomes, paradoxically, perform two opposite functions simultaneously. On the one hand, their main responsibility is to protect the delicate DNA strands from physical damage and help achieve a higher compaction ratio. While on the other hand, they must allow polymerase enzymes to access DNA...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes
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Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes

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When two became three: Shaping the nucleolus with Treacle.

Denis L J Lafontaine1

  • 1Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium.

Cell Reports
|August 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Treacle protein is linked to craniofacial diseases and has an evolutionary role in the nucleolus, a key site for ribosome production. This study reveals its function in the spatial organization of this vital cellular component.

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Developmental Biology
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • The nucleolus is a dynamic biomolecular condensate essential for ribosome biogenesis.
  • Ribosome production is a fundamental process for all living cells.
  • The spatial organization of the nucleolus influences its function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of the Treacle protein in the spatial specialization of the nucleolus.
  • To explore the evolutionary significance of Treacle in nucleolar organization.

Main Methods:

  • The study likely involved molecular biology techniques to analyze Treacle protein function.
  • Investigated the impact of Treacle on nucleolar structure and ribosome biogenesis.
  • Comparative evolutionary analysis may have been employed.

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Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes
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Main Results:

  • Treacle protein, associated with craniofacial distortion diseases, plays a critical role in the spatial organization of the nucleolus.
  • This protein's function is conserved and has evolutionary importance in nucleolar specialization.
  • Findings suggest a link between Treacle, nucleolar structure, and craniofacial development.

Conclusions:

  • The Treacle protein is a key regulator of nucleolar spatial specialization.
  • Understanding Treacle's role offers insights into craniofacial development and associated diseases.
  • The evolutionary role of Treacle highlights the intricate relationship between protein function and cellular condensate organization.