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Multimorbidity patterns in COVID-19 patients and their relationship with infection severity: MRisk-COVID study

Marina Lleal1,2, Celia Corral-Vazquez3, Montserrat Baré4

  • 1Institutional Committee for the Improvement of Clinical Practice Adequacy, Clinical Epidemiology and Cancer Screening Department, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí (I3PT-CERCA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.

Plos One
|August 31, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study identified distinct multimorbidity clusters in COVID-19 patients, revealing specific combinations of chronic conditions linked to increased infection severity and mortality, particularly in younger adults. Understanding these patterns is crucial for predicting patient outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health
  • Gerontology

Background:

  • Chronic conditions are known risk factors for severe COVID-19.
  • The impact of multimorbidity on COVID-19 outcomes requires further investigation.
  • This study addresses the need to explore multimorbidity patterns in COVID-19 patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify multimorbidity clusters in a large cohort of COVID-19 patients.
  • To assess the relationship between these clusters and COVID-19 infection severity and mortality.
  • To stratify analyses by age and sex.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized data from the MRisk-COVID Big Data study (14,286 patients).
  • Applied fuzzy c-means cluster analysis to identify multimorbidity patterns.
  • Conducted bivariate analyses to correlate clusters with severity and mortality, stratified by age and sex.

Main Results:

  • Severe infection occurred in 9.5% and mortality in 3.9% of patients.
  • Multimorbidity clusters associated with severity/mortality were identified across multiple age groups (21-65 years).
  • Specific clusters like Heart-liver-gastrointestinal in males and Diabetes-cardiovascular/Psychogeriatric in females showed higher risks in older age brackets.

Conclusions:

  • Characterized multimorbidity clusters in COVID-19 patients by sex and age.
  • Identified specific multimorbidity patterns associated with increased COVID-19 severity and mortality.
  • Highlights the need for further research into prognosis and vulnerable morbidity profiles.
Abstract

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