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Goldilocks Energy Minimum: Peptide-Based Reversible Aggregation and Biosensing.

Wonjun Yim1, Maurice Retout2, Amanda A Chen2

  • 1Materials Science and Engineering Program, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, United States.

ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|August 31, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A novel peptide-driven approach uses gold nanoparticle disassembly for protease detection. This method overcomes matrix interference, offering a simple and versatile tool for sensing biomarkers like the main protease (Mpro) in clinical samples.

Keywords:
DLVO theorySARS-CoV-19colorimetric biosensordissociation peptidematrix-insensitivereversible aggregation

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Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Biochemistry
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Colorimetric biosensors using gold nanoparticle (AuNP) aggregation face challenges like matrix interference and limited specificity in biofluid analysis.
  • Existing methods struggle with clinical sample utility and reliable detection in complex biological matrices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a peptide-driven nanoscale disassembly strategy for overcoming limitations in AuNP-based colorimetric biosensors.
  • To create a versatile and matrix-insensitive platform for detecting specific proteases, such as the main protease (Mpro) of SARS-CoV-2.

Main Methods:

  • Assembled citrate-coated AuNPs using a cationic peptide (RRK) and characterized the aggregates.
  • Utilized dissociation peptides to trigger the disassembly of AuNP aggregates upon target protease cleavage.
  • Investigated the influence of peptide properties (length, hydrophilicity, charge, architecture) on dissociation efficiency.

Main Results:

  • Demonstrated reversible dissociation of AuNP aggregates mediated by proteolytic cleavage of specific peptides.
  • Achieved a detection limit of 12.3 nM for Mpro in saliva, showing a rapid and distinct optical signal.
  • Validated the dissociation strategy in diverse matrices including saliva, urine, plasma, and seawater, and with silver nanoparticles.

Conclusions:

  • The peptide-enabled nanoscale disassembly platform offers a simple, matrix-insensitive, and versatile method for protease sensing.
  • This approach enhances the utility of colorimetric biosensors for clinical diagnostics and biofluid analysis.
  • The strategy is adaptable for detecting various proteases and utilizing different plasmonic nanoparticles.