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3D and 4D printing hydroxyapatite-based scaffolds for bone tissue engineering and regeneration
Sina Soleymani1, Seyed Morteza Naghib1
1Nanotechnology Department, School of Advanced Technologies, Iran University of Science and Technology (IUST), Tehran, Iran.
Heliyon
|September 4, 2023
Summary
Hydroxyapatite (HA) composites show promise for bone tissue engineering but need improved mechanical properties. Advanced 3D and 4D printing techniques offer customizable solutions for skeletal defect repair, enhancing implant efficacy.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Science
- Tissue Engineering
- Nanotechnology
Background:
- Osseous tissue is a nanocomposite of organic and inorganic matrices, primarily collagen and mineral phases.
- Hydroxyapatite (HA) mimics bone's mineral composition, making it a key biomaterial for bone tissue engineering.
- Current HA biomaterials have poor mechanical strength, limiting their use in skeletal defect repair.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the potential of hydroxyapatite-polymer composites for enhanced bone regeneration.
- To investigate the application of 3D and 4D printing technologies in creating customized bone grafts.
- To optimize mechanical and biological properties of HA-based scaffolds for medical devices.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of hydroxyapatite-polymer composites.
- Utilizing 3D printing for scaffold manufacturing.
- Exploring 4D printing with programmable materials for shape-changing implants.
Main Results:
- Hydroxyapatite-polymer composites enhance mechanical properties compared to pure HA.
- 3D printing enables the creation of patient-specific HA scaffolds.
- 4D printing offers dynamic shape alteration capabilities for implants based on environmental stimuli.
Conclusions:
- Hydroxyapatite-polymer composites are viable for bone tissue engineering applications.
- 3D and 4D printing technologies present innovative approaches for personalized bone defect restoration.
- Further optimization of HA composite scaffolds is crucial for successful clinical translation.
