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Bronchiolitis in Infants; Five Years' Experience of a Teaching Hospital
Mohammad Hussain Alqahtani1, Mohammad Faraj Alqahtani1, Mohammed Asiri1
1Pediatrics Department, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University King Fahd Hospital of the University, Al Khobar, Saudia Arabia.
Insights
Bronchiolitis hospitalization in young children shows females have longer intensive care unit stays and ventilator use. Infants under 12 months are most frequently admitted to the ICU.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Respiratory Medicine
- Clinical Epidemiology
Background:
- Bronchiolitis is a common lower respiratory tract infection in infants and toddlers under two years old.
- Clinical presentations and treatment responses in bronchiolitis vary, necessitating local population studies.
- Understanding local patient demographics is crucial for effective bronchiolitis management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze the clinical presentation, medical history, hospitalization course, and prognosis of children under two years old with bronchiolitis.
- To investigate hospitalization patterns at King Fahad University Hospital over a five-year period.
- To identify demographic and clinical factors influencing bronchiolitis outcomes.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective review of electronic health records for bronchiolitis hospitalizations.
- Study period: January 1, 2015, to April 26, 2020.
- Inclusion criteria: Infants and toddlers under two years of age.
Main Results:
- A total of 446 children were analyzed (54.6% male, 45.4% female).
- Females showed a statistically significant increase in intensive care unit (ICU) stay duration (p=0.01) and ventilator use (p=0.062) compared to males.
- Infants aged 12 months and below constituted 83.63% of the 55 ICU admissions.
Conclusions:
- Female infants and toddlers with bronchiolitis experience longer ICU stays and require more ventilator support.
- Younger infants (<12 months) represent the majority of ICU admissions for bronchiolitis.
- Findings can inform pediatricians in developing improved diagnostic and therapeutic strategies for bronchiolitis.
Background:
Bronchiolitis is a clinical syndrome affecting the lower respiratory tract of infants and toddlers <2 years old. Variability in clinical profile and response to therapy in children with Bronchiolitis calls for studying the different clinical aspects of local patient population.
Aim:
The goal of our study is to determine the clinical presentation, past medical history, hospitalization course and prognosis in children below two years of age who have been hospitalized in King Fahad University Hospital over the last five years.
Materials And Methods:
A retrospective chart review based on electronic health records of all Bronchiolitis-related hospitalization of infants and toddlers below two years of age, covering the period between January 1, 2015, to April 26, 2020.
Results:
Out of a total of 446 children <2 years of age, 202 were female (45.4%), and 243 were male (54.6%). Although the length of hospital stay was almost equal between the sexes, there was a significant (p-value=0.01) increase in length of intensive care unit stay among females compared to males. Furthermore, there was a significant prolongation in the duration of ventilator usage among females (p value = 0.062). Out of fifty-five patients admitted to the ICU, 83.63% of them were 12 months of age and below.
Conclusion:
Our results show a significant increase in length of ICU and ventilator use among females compared to males. It also shows that infants younger than 12 months account for most ICU admissions. These findings, among many others, may help pediatricians formulate a better diagnostic and therapeutic pathways.
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