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Published on: December 19, 2020
The prognostic effect of concomitant COVID-19 with spontaneous pneumothorax
Mustafa Akyil1, Serkan Bayram1, Pelin Erdizci1
1Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Süreyyapaşa Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Türkiye.
Insights
This study found that coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) can prolong recovery time for patients experiencing spontaneous pneumothorax. COVID-19 positive patients had longer air leak durations and hospital stays compared to those who were not infected.
Area of Science:
- Pulmonology
- Infectious Diseases
- Critical Care Medicine
Background:
- Primary spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition affecting individuals without underlying lung disease.
- The emergence of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) prompted investigations into its impact on various medical conditions.
- Understanding the interaction between COVID-19 and spontaneous pneumothorax is crucial for patient management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To determine the prevalence of COVID-19 in patients hospitalized with primary spontaneous pneumothorax.
- To assess the effects of COVID-19 on the clinical course, treatment, and prognosis of spontaneous pneumothorax.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 86 patients diagnosed with their first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax between April 2020 and January 2021.
- COVID-19 screening using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing at the time of pneumothorax diagnosis.
- Comparison of air leak duration, lung expansion time, hospital stay, recurrence, and mortality rates between COVID-19 positive and negative groups.
Main Results:
- Twenty-one percent (18/86) of patients with spontaneous pneumothorax were diagnosed with COVID-19.
- COVID-19 positive patients exhibited significantly longer mean air leak durations (p<0.0001) and lung expansion times (p<0.0001).
- A significantly longer mean hospital stay was observed in COVID-19 positive patients (p<0.0001); recurrence and mortality rates were similar between groups over six months.
Conclusions:
- COVID-19 infection is associated with a negative impact on recovery time in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.
- The findings highlight the importance of considering COVID-19 status in the management of spontaneous pneumothorax.
- Further research may explore specific interventions to mitigate the adverse effects of concurrent COVID-19 infection.
Background:
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in patients hospitalized with primary spontaneous pneumothorax and to evaluate its possible effects on the clinical course, treatment, and the prognosis.
Methods:
Between April 2020 and January 2021, a total of 86 patients (78 males, 8 females; mean age: 27±5 years; range, 16 to 40 years) who had no underlying lung disease and were diagnosed with the first episode of spontaneous pneumothorax were retrospectively analyzed. At the same time of diagnosis, all patients were screened for COVID-19 via polymerase chain reaction test of nasopharyngeal swabs. According to the test results, the patients were divided into two groups as COVID-19(+) and COVID-19(-). The duration of air leak, hospital stay, recurrence rates and treatment modalities, and mortality rates of the two groups were compared.
Results:
Following a pneumothorax diagnosis, 18 (21%) patients were diagnosed with COVID-19. In COVID-19(+) patients, the mean air leak and lung expansion duration were significantly longer (p<0.0001 for both). In these patients, the mean length of hospital stay was also significantly longer (p<0.0001). During the median follow-up of six months, no mortality was observed and the recurrence rate was similar between the two groups (p=0.998).
Conclusion:
Our study results suggest that COVID-19 negatively affects the recovery time in patients with spontaneous pneumothorax.
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