Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision01:15

Depth Perception and Spatial Vision

714
Depth perception is the ability to perceive objects three-dimensionally. It relies on two types of cues: binocular and monocular. Binocular cues depend on the combination of images from both eyes and how the eyes work together. Since the eyes are in slightly different positions, each eye captures a slightly different image. This disparity between images, known as binocular disparity, helps the brain interpret depth. When the brain compares these images, it determines the distance to an object.
714
Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving01:18

Uniform Depth Channel Flow: Problem Solving

85
To calculate the flow rate for a trapezoidal channel, first, identify the bottom width, side slope, and flow depth of the channel. The cross-sectional area (A) corresponding to the depth of flow (y), channel bottom width (B), and side slope (θ) is determined by:Next, calculate the wetted perimeter, which includes the bottom width and the sloped side lengths in contact with the water. Using the values of the cross-sectional area and the wetted perimeter, determine the hydraulic radius by...
85
Uniform Depth Channel Flow01:27

Uniform Depth Channel Flow

95
Uniform depth channel flow keeps fluid depth consistent along channels such as irrigation canals. In natural channels, such as rivers, approximate uniform flow is often assumed. This condition occurs when the channel’s bottom slope matches the energy slope, balancing potential energy lost from gravity with head loss due to shear stress. This balance prevents depth changes along the channel length, resulting in a steady, uniform flow.Uniform flow in open channels with a constant cross-section...
95
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Introduction01:05

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Introduction

5.5K
It is far more common for collisions to occur in two dimensions; that is, the initial velocity vectors are neither parallel nor antiparallel to each other. Let's see what complications arise from this. The first idea is that momentum is a vector. Like all vectors, it can be expressed as a sum of perpendicular components (usually, though not always, an x-component and a y-component, and a z-component if necessary). Thus, when the statement of conservation of momentum is written for a...
5.5K
Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve01:29

Sight Distance in a Vertical Curve

75
Sight distance on vertical curves is critical in roadway design. It ensures drivers can see far enough ahead to identify and respond to hazards effectively. This directly impacts safety, driver comfort, and the overall efficiency of the transportation network.Vertical curves are classified into crest and sag curves based on their geometry. For crest curves, sight distance is determined by the line of sight between a driver's eye and a small object on the road's surface. Design parameters for...
75
Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving01:06

Collisions in Multiple Dimensions: Problem Solving

4.3K
In multiple dimensions, the conservation of momentum applies in each direction independently. Hence, to solve collisions in multiple dimensions, we should write down the momentum conservation in each direction separately. To help understand collisions in multiple dimensions, consider an example.
A small car of mass 1,200 kg traveling east at 60 km/h collides at an intersection with a truck of mass 3,000 kg traveling due north at 40 km/h. The two vehicles are locked together. What is the...
4.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Empathy and the Structural Representation of Facial Affect: Evidence from a Genetic-Algorithm Face Synthesis Task.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2026
Same author

Modulation of Dielectric Behavior in Nitrogen-Doped Accordion-Like Carbon Materials for Enhanced Electromagnetic Response.

Langmuir : the ACS journal of surfaces and colloids·2026
Same author

Mobile Objective Diagnostics of Macular Degeneration using Dark-Adapted Visual Evoked Potentials.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025
Same author

Facing distortion: Impact of spatial distortions on upright and inverted face identification.

PloS one·2025
Same author

Investigating the repeatability and behavioral relationships of acuity, contrast sensitivity, form, and motion perception measurements using a novel tablet-based vision test tool.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Validation of Angular Indication Measurement (AIM) Stereoacuity.

medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences·2025

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 17, 2025

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
08:30

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

14.5K

Large depth differences between target and flankers can increase crowding: Evidence from a multi-depth plane display.

Samuel P Smithers1, Yulong Shao1, James Altham1

  • 1Department of Psychology, Northeastern University, Boston, United States.

Elife
|September 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Large depth differences between objects significantly increase visual crowding, challenging previous assumptions that 3D environments reduce this effect. This impacts object recognition, especially in peripheral vision.

Keywords:
depth perceptiondiplopiahumanmulti-depth plane displayneuroscienceobject recognitionperipheral visionvisual crowding

More Related Videos

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
09:27

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

4.3K
High-resolution, High-speed, Three-dimensional Video Imaging with Digital Fringe Projection Techniques
11:34

High-resolution, High-speed, Three-dimensional Video Imaging with Digital Fringe Projection Techniques

Published on: December 3, 2013

15.7K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 17, 2025

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging
08:30

X-ray Dose Reduction through Adaptive Exposure in Fluoroscopic Imaging

Published on: September 11, 2011

14.5K
An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles
09:27

An Emerging Target Paradigm to Evoke Fast Visuomotor Responses on Human Upper Limb Muscles

Published on: August 25, 2020

4.3K
High-resolution, High-speed, Three-dimensional Video Imaging with Digital Fringe Projection Techniques
11:34

High-resolution, High-speed, Three-dimensional Video Imaging with Digital Fringe Projection Techniques

Published on: December 3, 2013

15.7K

Area of Science:

  • Visual perception
  • Psychophysics
  • Computational neuroscience

Background:

  • Crowding is a phenomenon where nearby visual elements impede recognition of a target.
  • Previous research suggests stereoscopic depth reduces crowding, implying less importance in 3D environments.
  • Existing studies often use unrealistic depth cues, limiting real-world applicability.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of large, realistic depth differences on visual crowding.
  • To determine if depth affects crowding differently than previously shown with small disparities.
  • To explore the influence of target-flanker depth configuration on crowding.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel multi-depth plane display.
  • Tested large stereoscopic depth differences (0.54-2.25 diopters).
  • Examined crowding with targets and flankers at various depths relative to fixation.

Main Results:

  • Large target-flanker depth differences generally increased crowding, contradicting prior findings.
  • Crowding was more pronounced when flankers were behind the target (target at fixation).
  • Crowding was more pronounced when the target was behind the flankers (flankers at fixation).

Conclusions:

  • Significant depth differences, even beyond binocular fusion limits, substantially impact crowding.
  • Depth plays a critical role in visual clutter and object recognition in naturalistic settings.
  • Findings challenge the notion that 3D environments inherently mitigate crowding effects.