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lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs02:39

lncRNA - Long Non-coding RNAs

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Functional evolutionary convergence of long noncoding RNAs involved in embryonic development.

Ane Olazagoitia-Garmendia1,2, Rodrigo Senovilla-Ganzo3, Fernando García-Moreno1,3,4

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Researchers discovered functionally convergent long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) that lack sequence homology. A gecko lncRNA mimics human EVX1AS function, demonstrating a novel approach for studying lncRNA evolution and function across species.

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Genomics
  • Evolutionary Biology

Background:

  • Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) are prevalent in vertebrates but difficult to functionally characterize due to limited sequence homology.
  • Identifying functional lncRNAs across species is crucial for understanding conserved biological processes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify functionally convergent lncRNAs involved in development using nonlinear sequence similarity and structural approaches.
  • To validate the conserved function of a non-homologous lncRNA between species.

Main Methods:

  • Screening of k-mer content and secondary structure analysis for lncRNA similarity.
  • In silico, in vitro, and in vivo validation, including CRISPR Display technology.
  • Functional analysis in human neuroepithelial cells and chicken mesencephalon.

Main Results:

  • A Madagascar gecko lncRNA (gecko EVX1AS-like) was identified with similar k-mer content and structure to human EVX1AS.
  • Gecko EVX1AS-like functionally mimics human EVX1AS, inducing EVX1 expression independently of species.
  • Demonstrated functional convergence of non-homologous lncRNAs.

Conclusions:

  • Non-homologous lncRNAs can exhibit functional convergence during evolution.
  • The developed approach enables the study and manipulation of lncRNA function across diverse model organisms.