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Relationship Between Intraocular Pressure and Age: A Population-Based Study in Nepal.

Gopal Bhandari1, Sadhan Bhandari1, Raghunandan Byanju1

  • 1Bharatpur Eye Hospital, Bharatpur, Nepal.

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Summary

Intraocular pressure (IOP) in older adults in Nepal decreased with age. This population-based study highlights ethnic differences in IOP, suggesting it may be a factor in diagnosing ocular hypertension.

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Glaucoma poses a significant health burden in the Indian subcontinent.
  • Limited data exists on intraocular pressure (IOP) distribution in this region.
  • Understanding IOP variations is crucial for diagnosing and managing eye conditions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) measurements in adults aged 60 and older in lowland Nepal.
  • To investigate the relationship between age and IOP in this specific population.

Main Methods:

  • A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted in lowland Nepal.
  • Individuals aged 60 years and older were invited for IOP assessment using a rebound tonometer.
  • Data was collected from 10,017 participants from randomly selected communities.

Main Results:

  • Mean IOP decreased with age, from 14.1 mm Hg in the 60-64 age group to 13.0 mm Hg in those 80 years and older.
  • The 97.5th percentile IOP was 21.0 mm Hg across all age groups.
  • Higher IOP was associated with younger age, self-reported diabetes, and higher population density; cataract surgery was linked to lower IOP.

Conclusions:

  • Mean IOP in older Nepalese individuals was lower compared to Western populations, aligning with East Asian studies.
  • Ethnic background may influence IOP, suggesting a need for consideration in diagnosing ocular hypertension.
  • These findings contribute valuable data on IOP distribution in a previously understudied region.