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Type 1 Diabetes Incidence Trends in a Cohort of Turkish Children and Youth

İsmail Dündar1, Ayşehan Akıncı1, Emine Çamtosun1

  • 1Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, İnönü University Faculty of Medicine, Malatya, Turkey.

Turkish Archives of Pediatrics
|September 6, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) incidence in children under 18 in Malatya increased significantly over 13 years. The average annual increase was 8.3%, with higher rates in older children.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Type 1 diabetes (T1DM) is a chronic autoimmune condition affecting children and adolescents.
  • Understanding incidence trends is crucial for public health planning and resource allocation.
  • Malatya province, a major city in Eastern Anatolia, Turkey, provides a specific regional focus for this study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the incidence trends of T1DM in the pediatric population (<18 years) in Malatya province.
  • To determine the annual average incidence change of T1DM over a defined period.
  • To investigate variations in incidence based on gender and age groups.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective review of medical records of T1DM patients in pediatric endocrinology clinics.
  • Utilized child census data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TUIK).
  • Calculated T1DM incidence per 100,000 children annually and analyzed trends from 2007-2019.

Main Results:

  • The mean T1DM incidence was 13.1 per 105 child-years over 13 years (13.8 for girls, 12.4 for boys).
  • A significant increasing trend in T1DM incidence was observed, with an Average Annual Percent Change (AAPC) of 8.3%.
  • The AAPC was notably higher in older age groups, reaching 30.1% in the 15-17 year olds.

Conclusions:

  • T1DM incidence in children under 18 in Malatya was 13.1/105 child-years over the last 13 years.
  • An average annual increase rate of 8.3% highlights a concerning upward trend.
  • The findings underscore the need for continued monitoring and intervention strategies for T1DM in this population.
Abstract

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