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Related Concept Videos

Myocarditis I: Introduction01:21

Myocarditis I: Introduction

Myocarditis is inflammation of the myocardium, which is the muscular layer of the heart.EtiologyMyocarditis has a diverse etiology, including a wide range of infectious and non-infectious causes:Infectious CausesViral: Common viruses include Coxsackie A and B, adenovirus, parvovirus B19, enteroviruses, and influenza A.Bacterial: Examples include infections caused by Streptococcus, Staphylococcus, and Mycoplasma species.Rickettsial: Infections like Rocky Mountain spotted fever can result in...
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Rheumatic heart disease or RHD is a chronic condition that results from rheumatic fever, causing permanent damage to the heart valves.Etiology and Risk FactorsIt primarily arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory disease that can develop after untreated or inadequately treated group A streptococcal (GAS) pharyngitis. Streptococcus spreads through direct contact with oral or respiratory secretions. While the bacteria are the causative agents, factors like malnutrition, overcrowding, poor...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: May 12, 2026

In Vivo Quantitative Assessment of Myocardial Structure, Function, Perfusion and Viability Using Cardiac Micro-computed Tomography
08:13

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Reversible cold-induced abnormalities in myocardial perfusion and function in systemic sclerosis.

E L Alexander, G S Firestein, J L Weiss

    Annals of Internal Medicine
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Peripheral cold exposure can cause temporary heart problems in scleroderma patients, affecting blood flow and muscle movement. This may lead to long-term heart damage from repeated spasms.

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    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Rheumatology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Scleroderma is an autoimmune disease that can affect various organs, including the heart.
    • The impact of cold exposure on the heart in scleroderma patients without pre-existing heart conditions is not well understood.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of peripheral cold exposure on myocardial perfusion and function in scleroderma patients.
    • To determine if cold-induced cardiac abnormalities occur in scleroderma patients and their potential mechanisms.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized thallium-201 scintigraphy to assess myocardial perfusion.
    • Employed two-dimensional echocardiography to evaluate left ventricular function (hypokinesis).
    • Included control groups of healthy volunteers and patients with chest pain and normal coronary arteriograms.

    Main Results:

    • 10 out of 13 scleroderma patients showed transient, cold-induced myocardial perfusion defects.
    • 12 out of 13 scleroderma patients exhibited reversible, cold-induced left ventricular hypokinesis.
    • Control groups did not display cold-induced cardiac abnormalities.

    Conclusions:

    • Cold exposure can induce simultaneous abnormalities in myocardial perfusion and function in scleroderma patients.
    • Transient reflex coronary vasoconstriction leading to reversible myocardial ischemia and dysfunction is suggested.
    • Chronic, recurrent coronary vasospasm may contribute to focal myocardial fibrosis in scleroderma.