Intravitreal immunotherapy in non-infectious uveitis: an update

Area of Science:

• Ophthalmology
• Pharmacology
• Drug Delivery Systems

Background:

• Recent advancements in pharmacotherapeutics and drug delivery systems have improved the management of uveitis and ocular inflammatory diseases.
• Intravitreal drug delivery is a preferred route due to its safety, efficacy, and ability to minimize systemic adverse events.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review intravitreal pharmacotherapeutic agents for noninfectious uveitis.
• To elucidate the mode of action, safety, efficacy, and tolerability of these agents.

Main Methods:

• Extensive literature review using PubMed database with specific keywords.
• Identification of clinical studies on intravitreal drug delivery for noninfectious uveitis.

Main Results:

• Biologic response modifiers and other agents show safety and efficacy for uveitis indications like cystoid macular edema and retinal vasculitis.
• Corticosteroids and anti-vascular endothelial growth factor agents are commonly used in clinical practice.
• Potential safety concerns, such as photoreceptor toxicity with infliximab, have been noted with some intravitreal biological therapies.

Conclusions:

• Intravitreal pharmacotherapy is a key strategy in managing noninfectious uveitis.
• Continued research into novel agents and delivery systems is crucial for optimizing treatment outcomes.
• Balancing efficacy with safety profiles is essential for selecting appropriate intravitreal treatments for ocular inflammation.