Site-based customized surgical approaches for orbital lesion and their outcomes - A case series

The orbit is a complex region of the body that is susceptible to several diseases. The term "anterior orbitotomy" describes access to the orbit through the conjunctiva or eyelid from the front. This includes transconjunctival, medial, inferior, and superior approaches. The superior and lateral regions of the posterior orbit can be adequately exposed using a frontotemporal orbitozygomatic approach. The main aim of orbital surgery is to preserve vision. We discuss numerous surgical procedures for ocular tumours in this case series, along with the results of those procedures.

In this case series, various surgical procedures for ocular tumours are discussed, along with their results postoperatively. Meningioma, cavernous hemangioma, dermoid, and Erdheim Chester disease were among the diagnoses. The early surgical outcome parameters in this case series were increased ocular motility and decreased proptosis.

A medial orbitotomy was done as the lesion was in the medial orbit in our first case. In the second, third, and fourth cases, lateral orbitotomies were done because the lesion was in the lateral orbit. The frontotemporal orbitozygomatic approach was used in the fifth and sixth cases with the lesion reaching the orbital apex. Patients with symptoms should consider surgical excision, which involves completely removing the tumour while maintaining the functionality of the muscles and optic nerve. Having a good surgical view and exposure is essential to understand the anatomical relationships in a small area.

The surgical strategy should be used in a manner that maintains visual acuity, limits injury to nearby objects, lowers postoperative morbidity, and is cosmetically acceptable.