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A three-phase AC generator has a rotor with a rotating magnet placed within the stator mounted with the stationary three-phase winding to generate three-phase voltages via mutual induction. These windings are evenly distributed around the inner circumference of the stator and are arranged 120 electrical degrees apart. Three-phase stator windings consist of three separate coils or groups of coils, known as phases, each connected in Y (star) configuration or Delta configuration.
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Three-phase systems have two configurations: the wye and delta. A star configuration can be three or four wires; in a delta configuration, the components are connected in a closed loop. Instantaneous power refers to the power value at a precise moment, and in a balanced three-phase system, it is constant. This is because the sum of the instantaneous powers in the three phases remains steady over time, despite individual fluctuations, due to the symmetry and phase relationship. The total...
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A three-phase generator produces three voltages that are equal in magnitude but have a phase difference of 120 degrees. This identical magnitude and equal phase separated voltages are known as the balanced voltages and help to minimize power loss while ensuring a steady delivery of energy to connected loads. As voltage sources in a three-phase system can be configured in a wye or a delta formation, the loads connected to these systems can also be arranged in either configuration. This...
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The Wald-Wolfowitz runs test, commonly referred to as the runs test, is a nonparametric test used to assess the randomness of ordered data. The test evaluates the number of runs, which are consecutive sequences of similar elements within the data. If the number of runs is significantly higher or lower than expected, the data is considered non-random, indicating a detectable pattern or structure.
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Shaping the Amplitude and Phase of Laser Beams by Using a Phase-only Spatial Light Modulator
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Three-phase temporal dynamics in random number generation.

Haiming Yang1,2, Yan Bao1,2,3

  • 1School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China.

Psych Journal
|September 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

People avoid repeating numbers when generating random sequences, similar to spatial attention inhibition of return. This pattern, a three-phase repetition gap, is consistent across different response times, suggesting an item-based cognitive process.

Keywords:
exponential decayinhibition of returnrandom number generationrepetition avoidance

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive Psychology
  • Human-Computer Interaction
  • Psychophysics

Background:

  • Inhibition of return (IOR) is a phenomenon observed in spatial attention.
  • Repetition avoidance in random number generation (RNG) tasks is analogous to IOR.
  • Temporal factors are hypothesized to influence regularity in RNG.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of temporal factors on repetition avoidance in human RNG.
  • To analyze the distribution of repetition gaps in verbally generated number sequences.
  • To determine if time intervals affect number generation regularities.

Main Methods:

  • Participants verbally generated number sequences with varying inter-response intervals (0.5s, 1.5s, 3s, 4s).
  • Analysis focused on the distribution of repetition gaps between identical numbers.
  • Generated sequences were compared to pseudo-random sequences.

Main Results:

  • Human-generated sequences significantly deviated from pseudo-random sequences.
  • A distinct three-phase pattern was observed in repetition gap distribution: avoidance, oscillation, and exponential decay.
  • This three-phase pattern remained consistent regardless of the inter-response interval.

Conclusions:

  • Repetition avoidance in RNG exhibits a consistent item-based process.
  • The observed pattern is independent of temporal pacing, challenging time-based control hypotheses.
  • Human RNG is characterized by cognitive regularities rather than purely random processes.