Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Infection01:20

Infection

8.1K
When a pathogen enters the body and reproduces, it can cause an infection, damage body cells, and cause illness symptoms that eventually lead to disease. Therefore, its prevention requires breaking the chain of infection.
The chain begins with pathogens: bacteria, viruses, fungi, prions, or parasites such as protozoa helminths. These can be present on the skin as transient or resident flora, or they can be acquired from the environment. Identifying and treating the type of infection and...
8.1K
Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection01:26

Factors Affecting the Risk of Infection

11.9K
The hosts' susceptibility to infection depends on several factors. The integrity of the skin and mucous membranes helps protect the body against microbial attacks. When the skin is altered, the chance of infection, limb loss, and even death increases.
The integrity and count of the white blood cells help the body resist pathogens and fight infection. When impaired, it reduces the body's resistance to pathogens. The acidic pH levels of the gastrointestinal, genitourinary tracts, and skin...
11.9K
Stages of Infection01:26

Stages of Infection

56.9K
Stages of infection describe what happens to a susceptible host once a pathogen invades the human body. The stages of infection are incubation, prodromal, illness, stage of decline, and convalescence. The incubation stage is the period from exposure to a pathogen until symptoms start. The infected person is unaware of impending illness as the pathogens grow and multiply within the body. The duration may vary depending on the type of infection. The incubation period of measles averages ten to...
56.9K
Modern Molecular Taxonomy01:29

Modern Molecular Taxonomy

47
Advancements in molecular biology have revolutionized the identification and characterization of bacteria, with multiple methods leveraging DNA sequencing for enhanced precision. As sequencing technologies improve and costs decline, these approaches are increasingly used in clinical, environmental, and evolutionary studies.Multilocus Sequence Typing (MLST) examines several housekeeping genes, essential chromosomal genes encoding cellular functions, to distinguish strains. Approximately...
47
Transduction01:16

Transduction

38
Among the three main modes of HGT—transformation, conjugation, and transduction—transduction is unique in that it is mediated by bacteriophages, or bacterial viruses.Transduction occurs in two ways. Generalized transduction occurs during the lytic cycle of a bacteriophage infection. In this process, bacteriophages infect bacterial cells, replicate within them, and ultimately cause cell lysis, releasing newly assembled virions. Occasionally, random fragments of the bacterial genome...
38
Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments01:28

Fimbriae, Pili, and Axial Filaments

44
Fimbriae and pili are specialized bacterial surface structures that play pivotal roles in adhesion, genetic exchange, and motility. Composed primarily of pilin protein, these hairlike appendages are crucial for bacterial survival and pathogenicity in various environments.Fimbriae: Adhesion and PathogenicityFimbriae are fine, filamentous structures measuring 2–10 nanometers in diameter and are densely distributed on the bacterial cell surface. They facilitate bacterial adhesion to abiotic...
44

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Longitudinal Impacts of Forest Loss on Bartonella and Hemotropic Mycoplasma Dynamics in Vampire Bats Within a Fragmented Habitat.

Molecular ecology·2026
Same author

Molecular detection of relapsing fever <i>Borrelia puertoricensis</i> in migratory Mexican free-tailed bats.

mSphere·2026
Same author

The epidemiology of wild-crop interfaces: integrating ecology, evolution and management through modelling.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Pathogen community assembly in a host population is associated with interannual variation in seasonal environmental conditions.

Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences·2026
Same author

Insectivores exhibit superior microbial network connectivity and elevated zoonotic risk by 2035 relative to rodents and bats.

Science China. Life sciences·2026
Same author

A global-scale assessment of zoonotic virus diversity and spillover potential in urban-adapted mammal species.

Nature microbiology·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.2K

Host functional traits as the nexus for multilevel infection patterns.

Zheng Y X Huang1, Fletcher W Halliday2, Daniel J Becker3

  • 1School of Life Sciences, Nanjing Normal University, 210023 Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.

Trends in Ecology & Evolution
|September 8, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Host functional traits influence pathogen transmission across species, communities, and landscapes. This research links host traits to multilevel infectious disease studies in ecology and evolution.

Keywords:
community functional structurecommunity weighted meandisease ecologyfunctional divergencehost competencehost exposure

More Related Videos

A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions
13:56

A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: July 18, 2013

11.2K
A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

8.9K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 16, 2025

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations
08:03

Heuristic Mining of Hierarchical Genotypes and Accessory Genome Loci in Bacterial Populations

Published on: December 7, 2021

2.2K
A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions
13:56

A Comparative Approach to Characterize the Landscape of Host-Pathogen Protein-Protein Interactions

Published on: July 18, 2013

11.2K
A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues
07:10

A Fluorescence-based Method to Study Bacterial Gene Regulation in Infected Tissues

Published on: February 19, 2019

8.9K

Area of Science:

  • Disease ecology
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Host-pathogen interactions

Background:

  • Understanding pathogen transmission is crucial for disease ecology and evolution.
  • Infection patterns occur across multiple biological scales.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate how functional traits of host species affect infection patterns.
  • To establish host traits as a linkage for multilevel studies of infectious disease.

Main Methods:

  • This study proposes a conceptual framework.
  • It synthesizes existing knowledge on host traits and disease dynamics.

Main Results:

  • Functional traits of host species significantly impact infection patterns.
  • These traits influence disease dynamics at species, community, and landscape levels.

Conclusions:

  • Host functional traits are key determinants of infectious disease patterns.
  • Traits provide a multilevel linkage for studying disease ecology and evolution.