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Related Concept Videos

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders01:20

Gastrointestinal Motility Disorders

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Gastrointestinal or GI motility disorders are characterized by irregular gastrointestinal tract movements, disrupting food transit from the mouth to the anus. They are caused by damage or dysfunction in gut muscles or nerves. These disorders can cause symptoms such as severe constipation, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and swallowing difficulties. Disorders can affect any segment of the GI tract and range widely in severity, from common conditions like GERD to life-threatening conditions like...
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Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity01:11

Enteric Nervous System: Regulation of GI Motor Activity

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The Enteric Nervous System (ENS) plays a pivotal role in regulating gastrointestinal or GI motor activity. This complex network of nerves, deeply embedded within the gut wall, responds to changes in the gut environment and receives input from both the autonomic nervous system and the central nervous system. By doing so, the ENS operates various programs tailored to the body's nutritional status and needs.
During periods of fasting, the ENS initiates the migrating myoelectric complex, a...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

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Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
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Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

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Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
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Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management01:30

Irritable Bowel Syndrome III: Medical and Nursing Management

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Managing Irritable Bowel Syndrome (IBS) involves a multifaceted approach, including lifestyle modifications, dietary changes, and medication.
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Neural Regulation01:37

Neural Regulation

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Digestion begins with a cephalic phase that prepares the digestive system to receive food. When our brain processes visual or olfactory information about food, it triggers impulses in the cranial nerves innervating the salivary glands and stomach to prepare for food.
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Related Experiment Video

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Neuromodulation and Functional Gastrointestinal Disease.

Shuhui Zhang1, Can Zhang1, Mingwei Fan1

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou, Shandong, China.

Neuromodulation : Journal of the International Neuromodulation Society
|September 10, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Neuromodulation offers promising treatments for functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs). This review explores various neuromodulation techniques, including electroacupuncture and nerve stimulation, to improve FGID management.

Keywords:
Functional gastrointestinal disordersgut-brain axisneuromodulationvagal nerve transmission

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Area of Science:

  • Gastroenterology
  • Neurology
  • Medical Devices

Background:

  • Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs) are prevalent, significantly impacting patient quality of life.
  • Current understanding of FGID pathogenesis and effective treatments remains limited.
  • Neuromodulation is an emerging therapeutic strategy demonstrating efficacy for FGIDs.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the historical development of neuromodulation for FGIDs.
  • To examine recent advancements in neuromodulation techniques for FGID treatment.
  • To discuss critical aspects of neuromodulation, including parameter selection and mechanisms.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic literature review using PubMed.
  • Analysis of historical and contemporary neuromodulation approaches for FGIDs.
  • Synthesis of findings on efficacy, mechanisms, and future research directions.

Main Results:

  • Various neuromodulation methods show improved effects on FGIDs.
  • Techniques include electroacupuncture, vagal nerve stimulation, sacral nerve stimulation (SNS), and gastric electrical stimulation.
  • Non-invasive options like SNS-tibial nerve stimulation and transcutaneous electrical stimulation are emerging.

Conclusions:

  • Neuromodulation presents a viable therapeutic avenue for managing FGIDs.
  • Further research is needed to optimize stimulation parameters and elucidate underlying mechanisms.
  • Future directions include refining existing techniques and exploring novel neurostimulation approaches.